Centos RAID Configuration For OpenVZ
Sep 24, 2007
Would this be a good setup for a VPS Serving system with 2x 500gb hard disks (up to) 8gb memory.... (Looking to use OpenVZ to create about 14-15 512mb VZ VPS's)?
Host machine to do nothing other than host the VPS's. Host O/S to be Centos 5 x64, guest O/S's to be the usual OpenVZ supported linuxes.
Make 2 software raid partitions 120mb, each
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+- Make RAID 1, mounted at /boot
Make 2 s/w raid partitions Remainder of drive
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+- Make 1 LVM Physical Drive, using RAID 1
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+- Make Logical Partition, 20gb, mounted '/'
+- Make LP, Swap 16gb
+- Make LP. ext3 remainder, mounted as '/vz'
Is it important what order I should make the Logical Partitions? Should I create a /tmp partition? If so, how much?
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Apr 9, 2009
My setup is as follows
Dual Quad Xeon / 16GB RAM/ 8X320GB SATA2/74GB SCSI/ Builtin SATA Raid controller I/ 3Ware 9650SE RAID Controller.
I am thinking to install CentOS on the 74GB SCSI, and use the RAID 10 volume as the storage of virtual servers. Is this advisable?
Please advice and let me know if any best recommended RAID configuration to use with OpenVZ
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Jul 7, 2008
I installed APF on my CentOS OpenVZ VPS but when I start it the ssh terminal is spammed with this error:
iptables: Unknown error 4294967295
Does anyone know how to fix this?
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May 14, 2007
Can we do RAID1 configuration in single hard drive?
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May 21, 2009
I was Use Centos 64bit and when i install the openvz kernel and the openvzquota:
Quote:
yum -y install ovzkernel
yum -y install vzctrl vzquota vzpkg
I reebot my server and never boot up
I was planning to use a 8gb ram that's why i select 64bit.
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Jun 9, 2008
Anyone of the top of their head know how to fix the CPanel "Unlimited" Quota problem in CentOS/OpenVZ/HyperVM?
This post is not related to Infinitie, I personally have a few VPS servers I run and they are on CentOS 4.6 and the latest HyperVM, secondary quotas is enabled but I still keep having that problem where I cannot get quotas.
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Jun 22, 2008
Just to make things clear, i am not new at setting up VPS nodes, i have set up all of my servers with the HyperVM/OpenVZ setup and they work perfectly, but im having a problem with a new server.
Just received my new server, installed HyperVM-Slave, rebooted but the OpenVZ kernel was not installed for some reason, so i manually installed the OpenVZ Kernel using the RPM as yum seemed to install the wrong kernel.
I then installed the kernel using RPM and got this error at the end of installation:
grubby: unable to open /dev/hda: No such file or directory
grubby: unable to open /boot/boot.b: No such file or directory
grubby fatal error: unable to find a suitable template
I have never encountered this error with any of my other servers before...
Also after installation everything seems to be correct. /etc/grub.conf has the new OpenVZ kernel displayed, and default is set to 0, so upon startup it should be booting the correct kernel, but the thing is, when i reboot the machine the default kernel is loaded even though the grub.conf is configured to load the OpenVZ Kernel.
Im thinking that this may be due to the error i got when installing the kernel.
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Jun 18, 2007
I'm playing around with different configurations on my box at home and wanted to practice setting up RAID 1 - 2 harddrives. Here is how I set it up during install. It seems to be working fine, but are there any issues with this?
/dev/hda1 /dev/md0 software/RAID
/dev/hda2 /dev/md1 software/RAID
/dev/hdb1 /dev/md0 software/RAID
/dev/hdb2 /dev/md1 software/RAID
/dev/md0 /boot ext3
/dev/md1 VOLGROUP00 LVM PV
LogVol00 SWAP
LogVol01 /home ext3
LogVol02 / ext3
The Windows user in me wants to be able to verifty that there are indeed two identical copies here, but from my limited knowledge I don't know how to browse the contents of my second hardrive. Everything seems to work by being mounted on something else. How can I verifty that I have done this correctly? /etc/fstab verifies LOgVol01 and LogVol02 but not LogVol00 which is the swap. Is this normal for the swap space not too show up there? It also verifies /dev/md0 but not /dev/md1. Is this because it is a Logical Volume Group or does this indicate there is something wrong with my setup?
final question. I want to test this by unplugging my first hard drive to simulate a failure. what can i expect will happen here? does my bios have to be setup to try to boot from the second drive after the first, and then failing finding the first drive it will just boot from the second? But the RAID is configured to operate on two drives, so won't there now be a misconfiguration that might stop things from working? Maybe i'm missing something here.
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Jul 3, 2007
Not sure where to post this so i decided to post it here.
I have two drives for RAID 1. The bios RAID and centos recognize the RAID 1. I installed CentOS, and the machine works fine with RAID 1 after installation.
Let call that two drives are drive A and drive B. When I pull off drive B from the case, and insert the other drive which same size with drive B. Then i reboot the machine. The bios RAID recognize the new drive and i rebuild new drive from bios RAID, but when at boot it stuck and gives this message:
switchchroot: mount failed: no such file or directoru
Kernel panic- not syncing: attempted to kill init!
Later, i reinserted the drive B, and reboot then it goes back to normal.
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Apr 14, 2008
I am currently using areca Raid card with Centos 5 which allows me to configure Raid 6 with SAS drives. But it is really costing a bomb not to say that the lead time in ordering the card is long. Performance wise is fantastic though. Anyone know of any cheaper alternative to areca that can support Centos 5 and Raid 6 SAS Drives?
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Mar 20, 2008
Anyone know what is a suitable SATA Raid card that supports Centos 4.4/4.6? I tried 3ware 9550 it is suppose to support Centos 4.4, but gives a kernel panic instead.
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Jan 20, 2008
I use automatic partition in centos 5... I have two hard drive, and it looks like it auto raid everything into volgroup0? is this true?
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Jan 6, 2009
I am trying to configure chroot for my Apache 2.2.8 + PHP 5.2.8 + MySQL 5.0.51 + CentOS 5.1 using the article at: [url]
I have moved most of the files that are required by Apache to run.
I want to move PHP, MySQL also into chroot jail along with Apache.
How can I know the list of files that are needed by my Apache? It is asking for some of the files in the /usr/bin, /lib, /usr/local/lib, /usr/lib folders.
Somehow, I moved most of the files that are required by Apache to the chroot jail and finally I got httpd: bad user name daemon error.
And in CentOS, I don't have the file /etc/passwords and the command pwd_mkdb.
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Apr 27, 2008
I have probably what is the most simple thing I'm going to have to do soon, but I have never done it so I'm looking for tips of how to do it because I dont want to screw it up.
I want to copy a CentOS install from one RAID array, to another. However, I have a drive image (27GB RAID array) of the old RAID array, but the new RAID array will be larger.
How can I copy the old CentOS install, to a new array?
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Jan 1, 2008
I've purchased a VPS with CentOS 5 on and am looking to get it all up and running myself (Never done anything Linux based before but don't mind learning). I've gotten as far as installing LAMP + Webmin on the server, outsourced my DNS to zoneedit and email to Google and am now trying to configure other parts. I'm currently stuck on two things.
1. I'm trying to configure my FTP server. I've installed and am able to run it and connect to it myself as root but I can't figure out how to get it my html folder. Its only got files like .bash_history and .bash_logout in view. Also trying to do this through Webmin cause I've got no idea where to find anything on the command line other then proftd.conf
2. I'm trying to add users to the server but again I'm unsure on how to set the permissions for it. I can create it but it comes up with the error /dev/null Permission Denied a couple of times when I log in.
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Apr 12, 2015
OS CentOS 6.5
Panel version 11.5.30 Update #50
Tried migrating a site from a much older server. The migration never completed, so it was aborted and all the migration files deleted. Now, I'm getting the following error on the Plesk Home page:
=================
New configuration files for the Apache web server were not created due to the errors in configuration templates: httpd: Syntax error on line 221 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf: Syntax error on line 7 of /etc/httpd/conf.d/zz010_psa_httpd.conf: Syntax error on line 319 of /etc/httpd/conf/plesk.conf.d/roundcube.conf: Could not open configuration file /etc/httpd/conf/plesk.conf.d/webmails/roundcube/xxxxxxxxxxx.com_webmail.conf: No such file or directory . The error message containing the detailed error descriptions was sent to you by e-mail. Please resolve the issues and click here to generate broken configuration files once again or here to generate all configuration files.
=================
Clicking either of the 2 available options (links) does not resolve the issue. How to clear this error?
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Mar 7, 2007
Quote:
Today we are going to conduct a detailed study of RAIDability of contemporary 400GB hard drives on a new level. We will take two "professional" drives from Seagate and Western Digital and four ordinary "desktop" drives for our investigation. The detailed performance analysis and some useful hints on building RAID arrays are in our new detailed article.
[url]
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Feb 25, 2015
I have a new CentOS 7, with Plesk 12, CentOS 7 by default has XFS filesystem.
I try migrate sites from another Plesk Server but Plesk agent say: "hard disk quota is not supported due to configuration of server file system" (my CentOS 7)
My CentOS7:
CentOS Linux 7.0.1406 64 bits
Plesk 12.0.36
My fstab
[root@ns ~]$ cat /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults,usrquota,grpquota 1 1
UUID=ba391bd5-786c-4ae7-8bbd-f36f831ae6eb /boot xfs defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
I added "usrquota,grpquota", then mount -o remount / ; but when I try quotacheck -fmv / I gest this:
[root@ns ~]$ quotacheck -fmv /
quotacheck: Skipping /dev/mapper/centos-root [/]
quotacheck: Cannot find filesystem to check or filesystem not mounted with quota option.
but quotaon command works:
[root@ns ~]$ quotaon /
quotaon: Enforcing group quota already on /dev/mapper/centos-root
quotaon: Enforcing user quota already on /dev/mapper/centos-root
The problem here is why Plesk does not recognize quotas as enabled on CentOS 7??
If I try this command it seems good:
[root@ns ~]$ /usr/local/psa/admin/sbin/usermng --isquotable
0
Also I do this:
- Disabled Selinux
- Check all packages as quota, etc.
I have been using some reference: [URL] ....
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Dec 10, 2008
[openvz ]How to make for kernel of openvz to recognize 4GB of ram?
How to make for kernel of openvz to recognize 4GB of ram?
# uname -a
Linux xxxxxxxxxxx 2.6.18-92.1.13.el5.028stab059.3 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 17:48:55 MSD 2008 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
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Apr 27, 2015
I have a Server with Centos7 + Plesk 12 and in the service configuration say that the Bind service is not installed, from command line i have install named services and make a manual configuration the first domain, but when I return to the service page in plesk... the problem is the same, the Bind Service is not installed; then the problem is when i want create a new hosting i need to go to the ssh to make the DNS configuration...
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Mar 24, 2008
Is Motherboard RAID as good as a dedicated PCI-E card? I am guessing a dedicated card is the best option, though costs more.
We are looking at buying a barebones server from Supermicro. It features an onboard RAID controller which supports RAID 0, 1, 5 & 10 - but for some strange reason it will only support RAID 5 if you use Windows. Here is a link to the page detailing the RAID features.
[url]
We are going to be running Linux, CentOS 5.1, so we will only have the choice of RAID 0, 1 or 10. This isn't an issue, as having RAID 10 on 4x SAS (15k) drives will be fine for speed and stability. What is an issue is would this RAID controller be as fast or reliable compared to a dedicated PCI-E card? If it can only use RAID 5 in windows, does that suggest this controller is too reliant on software? It would be a nightmare to suffer downtime and data loss because the controller couldn't hack it during a drive failure, or one day it decided to bugger up the array when rebooting.
So that leads me to looking at this card, this looks very good for what we need. Are adaptec a reliable brand? I've seen it advertised for £200, which is a good price.
[url]
This card features RAID 5 and 6, would RAID 6 be better than RAID 10 for redundancy, or is it too slow to bother with? Also it seems to have a battery module available for it, what does this achieve? Cos surely if the power dies the hard drives and motherboard can't run off this little battery, or does it just help the controller stay alive long enough with some hard drive information in its memory if the power goes out during a rebuild?
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Sep 17, 2009
I could try the Software-RAID 5 of the EQ9 Server of Hetzner.
Does anyone here has experiences, how fast a hardware raid 5 compared against the software-Raid 5 is?
The i7-975 should have enough power to compute the redundnacy on the fly, so there would be a minimal impact on performance. But I have no idea.
I want to run the server under ubuntu 8.04 LTS x64.
On it a vitualisation like VMware the IO-Load could get really high.
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Jan 14, 2008
So I've just got a server with 2xSATA raid 1 (OS, cpanel and everything in here) and 4xSCSI raid 10 (clean).
Which one do you guys think will give the best performance:
1. Move mysql only to 4xSCSI raid 10
2. Move mysql and home folder to 4xSCSI raid 10
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Jul 8, 2007
I am in a somewhat complicated situation... I wanted to order a custom server with hardware 3Ware RAID controller but after over a month of waiting I was told the HW RAID controller, as well as any other 3Ware controller they tried, does not work with the motherboard used in the server from Fujitsu-Siemens and that they simply got a reply from FS that the controller is not certified to work with their motherboard.
So although I'd prefer a HW raid, I am forced to either choose a different webhost or setup a software RAID. The problem is, I haven't done that before and am somewhat moderately...scared
I have read a lot of the info about SW RAID on Linux that I could find through Google but there are some questions unanswered still. So I thought that perhaps some of the more knowledgeable WHT members could help me with this problem...
The server specs will be:
Core2Duo E6600 (2.4Ghz), 2GB RAM, 6-8x* 250GB SATA II HDDs, CentOS 4.4 or SuSe, DirectAdmin
* I prefer 8 HDDs (or actually 9) over 6 but I am not sure if their server chassis can hold that many HDDs, I am awaiting answer from them. They don't have any other drives beside the 250GB ones so I am limited to those.
The preferred SW RAID setup is to have everything in RAID 10, except for the /boot partition which has to be on RAID-1 or no RAID I believe, plus one drive as hot spare (that would be the 9th drive). I am quite sure they will not do the setup for me but will give me access to KVM over IP and a Linux image preinstalled on the first HDD so that I'll have a functional system that needs to be upgraded to RAID-10.
How do I do that? The big problem I see is that LILO or GRUB can't boot from a software RAID-5/10 so I will have to mount the /boot partition elsewhere. It's probably terribly simple...if you have done it before which I have not. I have read some articles on how to setup a RAID-5/10 with mdadm (e.g. [url] ) but they usually do not talk about how to setup the boot partition. Should it be setup as a small sized (100-200MB) RAID-1 partition spread over all of the drives in the otherwise RAID-10 array?
What about swap? Should I create a 4-8GB (I plan to upgrade the server RAM to 4GB in near future) RAID-1 swap partition on each of the disks or swap to a file on the main RAID-10 partitions. The second sounds simpler but what about performance? Is swapping to a file on RAID-10 array a bad idea, performance wise?
Is it possible to grow a RAID-10 array in a way similar to growing a RAID-5 array with mdadm (using two extra drives instead of one of course)? mdadm doesn't actually even mention RAID-10 despite it does support it without having to create RAID-0 on top of RAID-1 pairs if the support is in kernel, from what I know.
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Feb 25, 2009
How often do RAID arrays break? Is it worth having RAID if a servers hard drive goes down? I was thinking it may just be a better option to just have a backup drive mounted to my system and in the even of a system failure just pop in a new hard drive, reload the OS, and then reload all my backups?
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May 20, 2009
I have a new server and it is rather slow during raid 1 recovery after system installed
CPU: Intel Core2Duo E5200 Dual Core, 2.5Ghz, 2MB Cache, 800Mhz FSB
Memory: 4GB DDR RAM
Hard Disk 1: 500GB SATA-2 16MB Cache
Hard Disk 2: 500GB SATA-2 16MB Cache
root@server [~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0]
256896 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0]
2096384 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md2 : active raid1 sdb4[2] sda4[0]
480608448 blocks [2/1] [U_]
[=======>.............] recovery = 36.7% (176477376/480608448) finish=1437.6min speed=3445K/sec
the sync speed is just 3.4Mb/second and the total hours needs to be more than 40 hours
Also the server load is very high (nobody uses it)
root@server [~]# top
top - 07:00:14 up 16:55, 1 user, load average: 1.88, 1.41, 1.34
Tasks: 120 total, 1 running, 119 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 4148632k total, 747768k used, 3400864k free, 17508k buffers
Swap: 5421928k total, 0k used, 5421928k free, 569252k cached
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Oct 22, 2009
I am in the process of restructuring the infrastructure on our servers. I am thinking of using either RAID 5 (1 hot spare) vs RAID 10 as my 1U server has 4 HDD tray.
RAID 5 would have better capacity but RAID 10 has better overall performance. Which one do you guys go for a shared hosting server?
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Dec 23, 2008
Is it possible to turn a non raided setup into Linux software raid, while it is live, and if it's the OS drive? Can you even software raid the OS drive remotely? I've been thinking about doing it for the redundancy (and possible slight performance boost for reads, but doing it more for redundancy). I'm using CentOS.
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May 22, 2008
I want to take some data from a raid-disk (taken from a raid-1 sstem). Put it into a new system already, but this system doesn't have any raid.
When viewing "fdisk -l", it said /dev/sdb doesn't contain valid partition. Is there anyway I can mount it now? I am on CentOS 4 box
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Mar 24, 2009
MY server configure our drives with RAID-1.
How can I check it my server configure with 3ware or software raid ?
Also please advise me how can I monitor raid configuration that my raid is working fine or no ?
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Jul 11, 2008
I've been talking to the Planet about trading in my four and a half year old "SuperCeleron" (from the old ServerMatrix days) Celeron 2.4 GHz system for something new. As part of their current promotions, I've configured a system that looks decent:
Xeon 3040, 1 gig of RAM, 2x250GB hard disks, RHEL 5, cPanel+Fantastico, and 10 ips for $162.
Not too bad. I could bump up the ram to 2 gb for, I think, $12 more, which I'm thinking about and wouldn't mind some thoughts on. But, the thing that has me really confused is RAID. I like the idea of doing a RAID 1 setup with those two hard disks. But, the Planet wants $40/month for a RAID controller to do it. I really don't want to go over $200 a month!
Any thoughts on alternative redundancy strategies that might avoid that cost? Software RAID does not seem to be offered by the Planet, unless I can figure out how to do it after installation (is that possible?) Better ideas in general on the server?
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