Suppose I have only two phisical hard drives. What is the most optimal way to distribute the following (a windows server):
OS/IIS
Web pages and scripts
SQL server
SQL database
Should it be :
HD1 : OS/IIS + Web pages/scripts + SQL server
HD2: SQL database
or other setups?
running new servers on 500GB+ hard drives, how are these drives performing when they become 50% full?
Can they properly be 50% or more utilized on a cPanel like server with 200+ acccounts?
Quote:
Today we are going to conduct a detailed study of RAIDability of contemporary 400GB hard drives on a new level. We will take two "professional" drives from Seagate and Western Digital and four ordinary "desktop" drives for our investigation. The detailed performance analysis and some useful hints on building RAID arrays are in our new detailed article.
[url]
I'm building a couple of VPS host servers for a client.
Each server have to host 20 VPS and each server will be 4 cores with 32GB of ram. So CPU and ram should be just fine, my interrogatioon now is hard drives. The company owns the machines, but not the drives yet.
I searched a lot on your forums but found nothing relating on VPS. I'm basicly a DBA IRL, so I have experience in hardrives when it comes to databases, but it's completely different for VPS.
According to my boss, each VPS will run a LAMP solution (having a separeted DB cluster is out of question for some reason).
First, raid1 is indeed a must. There is room for 2x 3.5 drives. I might be able to change the backplane for 4x2.5, but i'm not sure...
I've came to several solutions:
2x SATA 7.2k => comes to about 140$
2x SATA 10k (velociraptor) => comes to about 500$
2x SAS 10k with PCIe controller => comes to about 850$
2x SAS 15k with PCIe controller=> comes to about 1000$
They need at least 300GB storage.
But my problem is that the servers do not have SAS onboard so I need a controller and in my case the cheapest solution is best.
But I'm not sure that SATA 7.2k will hold the charge of 20 complete VPS.
Does it worth it to go with SAS anyway or SATA should be just fine? With SATA better use plain old sata 7.2k or 10k drives?
That's a lot of text for not much: What is best for VPS: SATA 7.2k, SATA 10k or SAS 10k?
I am about to buy a Compaq server with 6 SCSI hard drives. In you opinion, what is the best RAID configuration with 6 HDs?
View 14 Replies View RelatedDo the old RLX Blade servers use 'mini' hard drives? I can't find an answer anywhere. I seem to recall that they use smaller 2.5" drives. Is this the case?
And, if so, do they make "good" drives worthy of being in a server in that size? Are they essentially just a laptop drive?
On my centos webserver I currently am using a 250gb ide drive.
I just bought 2 Western Digital Raptor WD1500ADFD 150GB 10,000 RPM 16MB hard drives.
And now I am wondering what kind of setup I should have?
Should I have the 250gb hd as a backup drive now and have the two raptors in a raid 0 array.
What would be the best configuration?
I am in a little bit of trouble I got a couple (5) of 750GB hdds that I need backed up to another couple (5?) of 750GB hdds so I can save the data storage on them. They are in a Linux box with a LVM setup I also have a RAID ware card on it but not using any RAID # on them. I decided after finding out what I could do with it to go to Windows 2003 on the server and installing RAID5/6 on it.
It seems that I will have to give up all my data and have everything wiped off from the hard drives this is very sad for me but I still have a chance to save the data on them. So I am thinking of copying them to another bunch of hard drives and then re-add it once the system is in place.
I was looking at this
[url]
But thats clearly too expensive as I just need to back up 5 hard drives (750GB/each) and just need to do it one time. Anyone have any suggestions to this or how should I go about doing it. It doesnt have to be right away but its good to know my options.
Is there any place where they might to do this kind of stuff they let you rent their machine for a couple of hours for a fee so you can back up your data? The server is a COLO and the hardware is mine so I have every right to take it off and back it up with no problem from the datacenter.
am getting new server with 2 (73GB) hard drives i need to know the following:
1.I need to put /home in one hard drive 73GB and the other partitions like /boot, /tmp,/usr and /var on the other drive
where should i put /home? on the primary or or secondary drive?is there any effect on the speed?
2. Am used to servers with 1 drive. is there any difference when it comes to security aplications such as APF,BFD,mod security and other aplicatuions settings?
3. in general should i take the same actions when handling a server with 1 drive and server with 2 drives?
i just got another HDD on my server, but i want to use 1 domain and use both hard drives for the 1 domain.
How do i set it up so that both hdd's can be used by the 1 domain..im using WHM but cant seem to do it.
i feel the NAS are not very cheap,
it looks likely just a low-level server with many hhds,
but why people not buy a server and put many hhds on it?
I setup a Software RAID5 the following way:
/dev/sda:
1: /boot 101MB
2: software raid ALL
/dev/sdb
1: software raid ALL
/dev/sdc
1: software raid ALL
/dev/sdd
1: software raid ALL
/dev/md0: ext3 mounted as / for all of the software RAID partitions.
I was left to believe this would create redundancy as long as only one drive is removed from the array. Although when I unplug any of the hard drives (one at a time) I get input/output errors and when I try to reboot I get kernel sync errors.
What exactly am I doing wrong when trying to create redundancy? I know that SDA contains the /boot/ partition so it wouldn't boot without that but even if I unplug B,C, and D it still can't sync.
I know SCSI drives are better than SATA, but I wonder if the community will prefer SATA or SCSI especially when you will be paying more for less.
Heres an example.
You can get:
2GB SATA for $5 & 500MB SCSI for $5, which will you choose?
I want to try something different on our methods of replacing or upgrading hard drives.
I want to be able to do most of it via our KVM/IP instead of babysitting the server(s) for so long in the DC.
My thoughts are, how can I add the new hard drive in the DC, and move the data over via the KVM/IP. Can this be done with just a raw drive added (no new setup) using DD or even rsync, or is it better to setup a new installation of CentOS on the new drive, and use rsync to move the data over. Then how do I get the proper drive to boot until I go back into the DC to remove the bad or old drive? I'd be interested in how some of you folks are doing this, as far as what's easiest and could be done over the KVM/IP once the new drive is connected.
Or on systems that have 2 drives with cPanel/WHM, how can we temporarily on an emergency basis untilize the backup drive to do a new setup, copy the data over from the drive that is failing, then just replace the bad drive as a backup drive next time you go in the DC? We have an external USB CD in place to allow remote installs...just curious if anyone does something like this or has ideas how we could make this work.
We use cloning software now, but can end up babysitting a clone for a long period in the DC like this.
Mountain View (CA) - As a company with one of the world's largest IT infrastructures, Google has an opportunity to do more than just search the Internet. From time to time, the company publishes the results of internal research. The most recent project one is sure to spark interest in exploring how and under what circumstances hard drives work - or not.
There is a rule of thumb for replacing hard drives, which taught customers to move data from one drive to another at least every five years. But especially the mechanical nature of hard drives makes these mass storage devices prone to error and some drives may fail and die long before that five-year-mark is reached. Traditionally, extreme environmental conditions are cited as the main reasons for hard drive failure, extreme temperatures and excessive activity being the most prominent ones.
A Google study presented at the currently held Conference on File and Storage Technologies questions these traditional failure explanations and concludes that there are many more factors impacting the life expectancy of a hard drive and that failure predictions are much more complex than previously thought. What makes this study interesting is the fact that Google's server infrastructure is estimated to exceed a number of 450,000 fairly mainstream systems that, in a large number, use consumer-grade devices with capacities ranging from 80 to 400 GB in capacity. According to the company, the project covered "more than 100,000" drives that were put into production in or after 2001. The drives ran at a platter rotation speed of 5400 and 7200 rpm, came from "many of the largest disk drive manufacturers and from at least nine different models."
Google said that it is collecting "vital information" about all of its systems every few minutes and stores the data for further analysis. For example, this information includes environmental factors (such as temperatures), activity levels and SMART parameters (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology) that are commonly considered to be good indicators to describe the health of disk drives.
In general, Google's hard drive population saw a failure rate that was increasing with the age of the drive. Within the group of hard drives up to one year old, 1.7% of the devices had to be replaced due to failure. The rate jumps to 8% in year 2 and 8.6% in year 3. The failure rate levels out thereafter, but Google believes that the reliability of drives older than 4 years is influenced more by "the particular models in that vintage than by disk drive aging effects."
Breaking out different levels of utilization, the Google study shows an interesting result. Only drives with an age of six months or younger show a decidedly higher probability of failure when put into a high activity environment. Once the drive survives its first months, the probability of failure due to high usage decreases in year 1, 2, 3 and 4 - and increases significantly in year 5. Google's temperature research found an equally surprising result: "Failures do not increase when the average temperature increases. In fact, there is a clear trend showing that lower temperatures are associated with higher failure rates. Only at very high temperatures is there a slight reversal of this trend," the authors of the study found.
In contrast the company discovered that certain SMART parameters apparently do have an effect drive failures. For example, drives typically scan the disk surface in the background and report errors as they discover them. Significant scan errors can hint to surface errors and Google reports that fewer than 2% of its drives show scan errors. However, drives with scan errors turned out to be ten times more likely to fail than drives without scan errors. About 70% of Google's drives with scan errors survived the first eight months after the first scan error was reported.
Similarly, reallocation counts, a number that results from the remapping of faulty sectors to a new physical sector, can have a dramatic impact on a hard drive's life: Google said that drives with one or more reallocations fail more often than those with none. The observed average impact on the average fail rate came in at a factor of 3-6, while about 85% of the drives survive past eight months after the first reallocation.
Google discovered similar effects on hard drives in other SMART categories, but them bottom line revealed that 56% of all failed drives had no count in either one of these categories - which means that more than half of all failed drives were put out of operation by factors other than scan errors, reallocation count, offline reallocation and probational counts.
In the end, Google's research does not solve the problem of predicting when hard drives are likely to fail. However, it shows that temperature and high usage alone are not responsible for failures by default. Also, the researcher pointed towards a trend they call "infant mortality phase" - a time frame early in a hard drive's life that shows increased probabilities of failure under certain circumstances. The report lacks a clear cut conclusion, but the authors indicate that there is no promising approach at this time than can predict failures of hard drives: "Powerful predictive models need to make use of signals beyond those provided by SMART."
OP: Linux Centos
I just got an additional 500GB hard drive added and mounted it to /home2
There are files that are in /home1 (orginal HD) that will need to be constantly moved over to /home2 via a ftp
But i keep getting this error
550 Rename/move failure: Invalid cross-device link
Does anyone have any ideas? I tried changing permissions but no luck also tried mounting the 2nd hard drive within a directory in /home1. Still gives the error.
I must not even understand the basics of how mounting works in Linux.
Physical drive /dev/sda1 is mounted at /
I created a software RAID array (using mdadm) out of two other drives using mdadm, at /dev/md0, and mount it at /vol:
mount /dev/md0 /vol
Code:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 9.9G 2.2G 7.3G 23% /
/dev/md0 200G 470M 200G 1% /vol
Now I start creating files in /vol/*
Then I unmount /dev/md0
I still see the files at /vol/*. They seem to be on /dev/sda1.
So how do I use the RAID array at /dev/md0 that I tried to mount at /vol?
I must not even understand the basics of how mounting works in Linux.
Physical drive /dev/sda1 is mounted at /
I created a software RAID array (using mdadm) out of two other drives using mdadm, at /dev/md0, and mount it at /vol:
mount /dev/md0 /vol
Code:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 9.9G 2.2G 7.3G 23% /
/dev/md0 200G 470M 200G 1% /vol
Now I start creating files in /vol/*
Then I unmount /dev/md0
I still see the files at /vol/*. They seem to be on /dev/sda1.
So how do I use the RAID array at /dev/md0 that I tried to mount at /vol?
I am trying out all sorts of new drives and raid card adapters because I am finding the 3ware's I have been faithfully using to really suck lately.
We are testing them against areca and adaptec (although I really hate areca from prior bad experience)...
We are using bonnie right now... of course we plan to play around with xen, a couple of domains, prime95, some dd's and then run bonnie too... kind of a stress test.
how much traffic SATA 2 HDD can handle?
While transfer speed is 300 MB/s, it's really not possible to keep transfering data at those speeds 24/7? Or is it?
Wouldn't network line (100 mbps) die first?
i want to know if there is a difference between enterprise drives and desktop drives and which ones hosts use
View 7 Replies View Related"The purpose of irqbalance is distribute hardware interrupts across processors on a multiprocessor system in order to increase performance."
If I'm running a Xeon Quad, do I really need irqbalance running?
You know we done some great job on tweaking up WHMCS and also I think that we done some great job on setting up multi locations on WHMCS (almost 6
months hard work, almost hard…joke). Ok enough about us
So, actually we will show you some trick how to get coded WHMCS files work property for you.
You may think that it is another boring topic of how to or something, but unfortunately it’s not
I was looking for a lot of information of how to tweak up WHMCS and DirectAdmin together, but could find only bits and pieces of it…
In the mean time I would like to dedicate this topic to anyone who is currently seeking new web hosting services.
I had done one more post about how to get moving around hosting control panels, but still writing proper review about that confusing transfer process.
Choosing a web host for your business is one of the most important decisions you can make. If your site is down, your business is down. If you are
serious about your website and want to get solutions to your common hosting problems, this article will give you ten good reasons to choose for a global hosting company.
1.Hosting companies that work globally have different Data Centre to better service their customers. In case of a hardware failure, the system will automatically redirect traffic to the nearest Data Centre.
Don’t let server downtime and a slow connection cost you money!
2.Because of the different Data Centre, the backup systems are always secure. If a disaster strikes where your computer is located, your data remains safe in a remote location.
3.Global Hosting Companies work with a live support system. You can manage all aspects of your account 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. No time zones for services provided.
4.A support team is available 24/7 via phone and email to provide top-level support when you need it.
5.Because of the variety of customers from different continents, global hosting companies are able to offer flexible systems. They give prompt reaction time to customers’ needs and expectations.
6.Global hosting companies offer multiple compatible languages and language capabilities
7.Offering support of multiple database engines and both versions of PHP 4 and PHP 5 applications.
8.A support team routinely updates your server’s operating system and hardware with the newest updates, latest security patches and upgrades to ensure maximum security.
9.Global hosting companies have an experienced migration team to do all proper migration planning so that the transition can take place without a hitch.
10.Most global hosting companies have their own community website that allows customers to communicate and offer advice, and to share ideas and business solutions with each other.
Starting a business is difficult and picking the best out of thousands of web hosting companies out there is very crucial. Pick the right company to go with.
There are many companies providing great web hosting services so feel free to search for one that suits your needs.
Please review any additional information maybe I forgot to mention something…
Also I got some bad reviews of my first post in forum; even some people treated my post as a spam, but in some way information sharing in not
I have a couple of Dell 1950s and in one of them, I have 2x Seagate 15K.5s that I purchased through Dell and I also have a spare sitting in my rack in case one goes bad, also from Dell.
I was going to be repurposing one of my other 1950s and was going to get two more 15K.5s for it, but wasn't planning on getting them through Dell (rip off?). This way, could still keep the same spare drive around in case a drive went bad in that system as well.
When I was talking to my Dell rep recently when purchasing another system, their hardware tech said you can't use non-Dell drives with Dell drives in the same RAID array because of the different firmware between them.
Anyone know if it is true? Anyone have any experience with using drives from Dell in conjunction with the same model drives from a third party retailer?
I am using dreamhost host 3 of my web sites and 1 blog. Dreamhost is great, offers alot space and bandwidth.
but I think they are oversellling their space, sometimes it gets really slow. (overselling ? ok, I dont really know, but sometimes its really slow, and most my asian readers said need to refresh to load the page. I am wondering if theres a way to check if they are overselling or not.)
I am thinking about buying vps, even tho, I still got 5 month left with dreamhost.
I found 2 vps companies are highly recommanded on this forum, JaguarPC and LiquidWeb.
theres already a post compared both companies in terms of price and service. I say I will pick JagarPc, cuz, its basic plan just 20 USD, and htey got promotion now, its even cheaper. and basic Liquidweb vps plan is 60 bucks.
I am wondering why Jagarpc is so cheap , are they overselling? how can we check if they are overselling.
I found a few posts saying how good jaguarPc is. and they are not overselling, but those members just signed up this month, and only have 1-3 posts. I cannot really trust those new members.
Can someone share their experience with JaguarPC? compare JaguarPc performance and liquidweb performance. antoher question is switch from dreamhost to JaguarPC basic vPS plan, will performance gets better?
last question: VPS account allows 3 IP, 3ip = 3 domains? if not, how many domains can I have?
I have two domains as virtual hosts on same IP address.
I am getting certificate error for the second domain when I try to check email (using MS Outlook). I can't permanently "accept" certificate, it complains again and again. Certuficate I created and self signed for imap.domain1.com, but the second email server is imap.domain2.com, so it complains.
How do I set separate email certificates for two domains? Is it possible at all?
Depending on where u are at on my site (documents pages, training, main root, etc.) will depend on which type of background, footer, header and the like you'll get. Now I was thinking. Is there a way to have multiple error messages for more then one page depending on where you are at on a site? Right now it's intranet site and a modded snitz forum. What is the code and were does it go and in which apache conf file(s) does it go in?
View 1 Replies View RelatedHas anyone begun implementing SSD drives? We're thinking about using them as OS drives.
View 14 Replies View RelatedI'm not sure they make sense yet, especially in bigger raid arrays...
View 14 Replies View RelatedI know there are a lot of experienced hardware guys on here, so I wanted some input on 1.5TB drives. Are they reliable enough to be used in non-mission critical storage servers? 99% of what we do is OEM (Dell) equipment, so I don't test raw hardware much these days.
I've read a lot of negative things about Seagate lately. Can anyone chime in with specific models they've had positive or negative experiences with from any vendor? Reading some reviews on the WD 1.5TB Caviar Black drives, there seems to be some weird issues with them going into a recovery cycle.
What is the best way to find out which filesystems and harddrive drivers you can remove? Obviously, i need ext2,3 but how do you find which HD you only need?
View 1 Replies View Related