Can I Install Hardware RAID After Server Is Up And Running

Mar 8, 2007

I have several servers that have a HighPoint RocketRaid 1520 SATA raid card. I have recently discovered that this card requires drivers in the OS to actually take advantage of the raid functionality.

Well, it seems the drivers were never installed. So I essentially do not currently have a raid setup, even though I have a pair of HD's in each of the servers affected. Now, I do have a Windows server that automatically loaded the driver, but the Linux boxes do not have the driver it seems. The instructions for this card state that the driver is installed at the time of OS installation. I bought these servers when I acquired a host a couple of years ago and obviously they weren't setup properly.

So here's my question, I am thinking of trying to install this raid driver on the affected servers now. They have been running for a couple of years this way and I don't want to screw something up. Is this something that I can do at this point without going back to reinstalling the OS, etc? Can the raid driver be installed after the fact here like I'm thinking of doing?

Should I proceed with trying to get this RocketRaid card to work or would I better off buying hardware raid cards that are configured outside of the OS? And if I should go with the hardware level raid, what card do you all recommend? I'm running RHE3 on these servers and they are P4's with 1GB of RAM.

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Plesk Automation :: PPA Install On Infrastructure Running Parallels Cloud Server - IPTables / Firewall

Apr 9, 2014

I'm in the process of installing PPA on infrastructure running Parallels Cloud Server. Each container has 2 interfaces, one public facing and a private interface for inter-server communication.

No problems installing PPA 11.5 (specifying IP's on commandline) or adding service nodes however, the firewall rules the documentation speaks of are nowhere to be seen? i.e.:

Important: After the installation, PPA creates the special firewall chain PPA-SN-Rules-INPUT used for communication with service nodes. Do not change it, otherwise, you will not be able to add service nodes to PPA.Click to expand...

Has this been dropped from PPA 11.5 ? (I recall seeing the firewall settings in 11.1) There is also no sign of the ppa.firewall tool that is also mentioned.

The only rule I see inserted is for Postgres on the management node, and 2 for pleskd on all of the nodes (open to world!).

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How Do I Copy CentOS Install To Another RAID Array

Apr 27, 2008

I have probably what is the most simple thing I'm going to have to do soon, but I have never done it so I'm looking for tips of how to do it because I dont want to screw it up.

I want to copy a CentOS install from one RAID array, to another. However, I have a drive image (27GB RAID array) of the old RAID array, but the new RAID array will be larger.

How can I copy the old CentOS install, to a new array?

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Whats The Best For Server With SATA Raid 1 And SCSI Raid 10

Jan 14, 2008

So I've just got a server with 2xSATA raid 1 (OS, cpanel and everything in here) and 4xSCSI raid 10 (clean).

Which one do you guys think will give the best performance:

1. Move mysql only to 4xSCSI raid 10
2. Move mysql and home folder to 4xSCSI raid 10

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Moving My Install From Single Disk To Raid 1 Disks

Oct 27, 2009

If you want a quick run down as to WHY I want to do this, read here

Basically, my ISP could not get my server running stable on a simple raid 1 (or raid 5) so what it came down to was having them install my system on a single disk. I don't exactly like this, main reason being, if the system (or HDD) crashes, I'll end up with another several hours of down time... So here is my proposal:

Please Note: This will have to be accomplished on a live System (full backups!) over ssh as I don't trust my ISP to do things right as described in my post above.

Current Setup:
CentOS 5.3 x86_64
Dual Xeon 5410
16GB RAM
4x 750GB HDDs

/boot - /dev/sda1 - 512MB (real 471MB) ext3
/ - /dev/sda2 - 50GB (real 46GB) ext3
/home - /dev/sda3 - remaining space (real 642GB) ext3

swap - /dev/sdb1 - 32GB
/backup - /dev/sdb2 - remaining space (real 659GB) ext3

/dev/md0 - /dev/sdc + /dev/sdd - raid 1 (NOTE: uses entire disk, no partitions!)

Proposed Solution:

Code:
vgcreate -s 64M vg0 /dev/md0

lvcreate -L 512M -n lvboot vg0
lvcreate -L 50G -n lvroot vg0
lvcreate -L 5G -n lvtmp vg0
lvcreate --extent 100%FREE -n lvhome vg0

mkfs -t ext3 -m 1 /dev/vg0/lvboot
mkfs -t ext3 -m 1 /dev/vg0/lvroot
mkfs -t ext3 -m 1 /dev/vg0/lvtmp
mkfs -t ext3 -m 1 /dev/vg0/lvhome
Now, I'd like to 'init 1' at this stage but I can't, so I won't (possible solutions?? Possible to umount the / partition??)

Assuming I'd have to do this on a fully live system, I'd disable all services that I can

Code:
/etc/init.d/sendmail stop
/etc/init.d/postfix stop
/etc/init.d/saslauthd stop
/etc/init.d/httpd stop
/etc/init.d/mysql stop
/etc/init.d/courier-authlib stop
/etc/init.d/courier-imap stop
/etc/init.d/amavisd stop
/etc/init.d/clamd stop
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd stop
/etc/init.d/fail2ban stop
/etc/init.d/syslogd stop
Then we copy all of our data from the single partitions to the raid disks

Code:
mkdir /mnt/newroot
mkdir /mnt/newroot/boot
mkdir /mnt/newroot/tmp
mkdir /mnt/newroot/home

Code:
mount /dev/vg0/lvboot /mnt/newroot/boot
mount /dev/vg0/lvroot /mnt/newroot/root
mount /dev/vg0/lvtmp /mnt/newroot/tmp
mount /dev/vg0/lvhome /mnt/newroot/home
(I think I covered everything)

Code:
umount -l /dev/sda1 (/boot)
umount -l /dev/sda3 (/home)
cp -dpRx /* /mnt/newroot/
mount /dev/sda1 /boot
cp -dpRx /boot/* /mnt/newroot/boot/
mount /dev/sda3 /home
cp -dpRx /home/* /mnt/newroot/home/
Once we have everything copied, update /etc/fstab and /etc/mtab to reflect the changes we made:
vi /etc/fstab

Code:
LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults 0 3
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sdb1 swap swap defaults 0 0
To

Code:
/dev/vg0/lvhome /home ext3 defaults 0 3
/dev/vg0/lvroot / ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 1 1
/dev/vg0/lvboot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sdb1 swap swap defaults 0 0
Moving on, we make a fail safe in the event this doesn't work out:
vi /boot/grub/menu.lst

find

Code:
default=0
add after

Code:
fallback=1
Then we find (in the same file):

Code:
title CentOS (2.6.18-164.el5)
root (hd1,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-164.el5 ro root=/dev/vg0/vgroot
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-164.el5.img
Add before:

Code:
title CentOS (2.6.18-164.el5)
root (hd3,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-164.el5 ro root=/dev/sda2
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-164.el5.img
Where (hd3,0) is /dev/sdc. If the system fails to boot to the raid then it'll auto boot to the single disk (/dev/sda)

then update my ramdisk:
mv /boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img /boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img_bak
mkinitrd /boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img `uname -r`

And now to set up grub...

Code:
grub
> root (hd0,0)
> setup (hd0)
we should see something like this:
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... no
Checking if "/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 15 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+15 p (hd0,0)/grub/stage2 /grub/grub.conf"... succeeded
Done.


Code:
> root (hd3,0)
> setup (hd3)
Again, we should see something like this:
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... no
Checking if "/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd1)"... 15 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /grub/stage1 (hd1) (hd1)1+15 p (hd1,0)/grub/stage2 /grub/grub.conf"... succeeded
Done.

Code:
> quit
From here I think we're ready to reboot, can't see where I missed anything. If all goes well then I should see my volume groups listed in 'df- h'

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400GB Hard Disk Drives In RAID 0, RAID 5 And RAID 10 Arrays: Performance Analysis

Mar 7, 2007

Quote:

Today we are going to conduct a detailed study of RAIDability of contemporary 400GB hard drives on a new level. We will take two "professional" drives from Seagate and Western Digital and four ordinary "desktop" drives for our investigation. The detailed performance analysis and some useful hints on building RAID arrays are in our new detailed article.

[url]

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Oct 22, 2009

I am in the process of restructuring the infrastructure on our servers. I am thinking of using either RAID 5 (1 hot spare) vs RAID 10 as my 1U server has 4 HDD tray.

RAID 5 would have better capacity but RAID 10 has better overall performance. Which one do you guys go for a shared hosting server?

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Dec 23, 2008

Is it possible to turn a non raided setup into Linux software raid, while it is live, and if it's the OS drive? Can you even software raid the OS drive remotely? I've been thinking about doing it for the redundancy (and possible slight performance boost for reads, but doing it more for redundancy). I'm using CentOS.

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Aug 12, 2008

an inexpensive VPS host and based on reviews on this forum, went with Web Wide Hosting.

I had a smooth signup and thanks to Jon at WWH, managed to get a payment snafu with Paypal resolved smoothly.

However, I've been struggling a lot with getting most recommended steps to actually work in my VPS and I'm getting increasingly frustrated.

The latest problem I have is that trying to install Perl modules fails with a "cannot allocate memory" error. First google hits suggest increasing memory, which really isn't an option for me right now. More puzzling is the fact that both HyperVM and user_beancounters suggest I have enough headroom atleast to install perl modules!

Output from session:

cpan> install Authen::PAM
CPAN: Storable loaded ok
Going to read /root/.cpan/sources/authors/01mailrc.txt.gz
Going to read /root/.cpan/sources/modules/02packages.details.txt.gz
Database was generated on Mon, 11 Aug 2008 07:02:52 GMT
HTTP::Date not available

There's a new CPAN.pm version (v1.9205) available!
[Current version is v1.7602]
You might want to try
install Bundle::CPAN
reload cpan
without quitting the current session. It should be a seamless upgrade
while we are running...

Going to read /root/.cpan/sources/modules/03modlist.data.gz
Could not pipe[/bin/gzip --decompress --stdout /root/.cpan/sources/modules/03modlist.data.gz |]: Cannot allocate memory at /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/CPAN.pm line 5726.

# cat /proc/user_beancounters
Version: 2.5
uid resource held maxheld barrier limit failcnt
6050: kmemsize 2383965 4269136 2147483646 2147483646 0
lockedpages 0 0 99 99 0
privvmpages 6418 26175 25600 25600 38
shmpages 685 1981 25600 25600 0
dummy 0 0 0 0 0
numproc 22 38 99 99 0
physpages 3147 22279 0 2147483647 0
vmguarpages 0 0 25600 2147483647 0
oomguarpages 3147 22279 25600 2147483647 0
numtcpsock 5 42 792 792 0
numflock 3 9 99 99 0
numpty 1 3 50 50 0
numsiginfo 0 3 99 99 0
tcpsndbuf 55900 411424 20971520 24215552 0
tcprcvbuf 81920 4136784 20971520 24215552 0
othersockbuf 2236 11744 20971520 24215552 0
dgramrcvbuf 0 8380 20971520 24215552 0
numothersock 9 20 792 792 0
dcachesize 113634 194947 912384 912384 0
numfile 495 856 2376 2376 0
dummy 0 0 0 0 0
dummy 0 0 0 0 0
dummy 0 0 0 0 0
numiptent 14 14 99 99 0

Not even getting started on the problems I'm having trying to mount /tmp as a noexec,nosuid partition

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Jul 11, 2008

I've been talking to the Planet about trading in my four and a half year old "SuperCeleron" (from the old ServerMatrix days) Celeron 2.4 GHz system for something new. As part of their current promotions, I've configured a system that looks decent:

Xeon 3040, 1 gig of RAM, 2x250GB hard disks, RHEL 5, cPanel+Fantastico, and 10 ips for $162.

Not too bad. I could bump up the ram to 2 gb for, I think, $12 more, which I'm thinking about and wouldn't mind some thoughts on. But, the thing that has me really confused is RAID. I like the idea of doing a RAID 1 setup with those two hard disks. But, the Planet wants $40/month for a RAID controller to do it. I really don't want to go over $200 a month!

Any thoughts on alternative redundancy strategies that might avoid that cost? Software RAID does not seem to be offered by the Planet, unless I can figure out how to do it after installation (is that possible?) Better ideas in general on the server?

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Mar 24, 2008

Is Motherboard RAID as good as a dedicated PCI-E card? I am guessing a dedicated card is the best option, though costs more.

We are looking at buying a barebones server from Supermicro. It features an onboard RAID controller which supports RAID 0, 1, 5 & 10 - but for some strange reason it will only support RAID 5 if you use Windows. Here is a link to the page detailing the RAID features.

[url]

We are going to be running Linux, CentOS 5.1, so we will only have the choice of RAID 0, 1 or 10. This isn't an issue, as having RAID 10 on 4x SAS (15k) drives will be fine for speed and stability. What is an issue is would this RAID controller be as fast or reliable compared to a dedicated PCI-E card? If it can only use RAID 5 in windows, does that suggest this controller is too reliant on software? It would be a nightmare to suffer downtime and data loss because the controller couldn't hack it during a drive failure, or one day it decided to bugger up the array when rebooting.

So that leads me to looking at this card, this looks very good for what we need. Are adaptec a reliable brand? I've seen it advertised for £200, which is a good price.

[url]

This card features RAID 5 and 6, would RAID 6 be better than RAID 10 for redundancy, or is it too slow to bother with? Also it seems to have a battery module available for it, what does this achieve? Cos surely if the power dies the hard drives and motherboard can't run off this little battery, or does it just help the controller stay alive long enough with some hard drive information in its memory if the power goes out during a rebuild?

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Sep 17, 2009

I could try the Software-RAID 5 of the EQ9 Server of Hetzner.

Does anyone here has experiences, how fast a hardware raid 5 compared against the software-Raid 5 is?

The i7-975 should have enough power to compute the redundnacy on the fly, so there would be a minimal impact on performance. But I have no idea.

I want to run the server under ubuntu 8.04 LTS x64.

On it a vitualisation like VMware the IO-Load could get really high.

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Jul 8, 2007

I am in a somewhat complicated situation... I wanted to order a custom server with hardware 3Ware RAID controller but after over a month of waiting I was told the HW RAID controller, as well as any other 3Ware controller they tried, does not work with the motherboard used in the server from Fujitsu-Siemens and that they simply got a reply from FS that the controller is not certified to work with their motherboard.

So although I'd prefer a HW raid, I am forced to either choose a different webhost or setup a software RAID. The problem is, I haven't done that before and am somewhat moderately...scared

I have read a lot of the info about SW RAID on Linux that I could find through Google but there are some questions unanswered still. So I thought that perhaps some of the more knowledgeable WHT members could help me with this problem...

The server specs will be:

Core2Duo E6600 (2.4Ghz), 2GB RAM, 6-8x* 250GB SATA II HDDs, CentOS 4.4 or SuSe, DirectAdmin

* I prefer 8 HDDs (or actually 9) over 6 but I am not sure if their server chassis can hold that many HDDs, I am awaiting answer from them. They don't have any other drives beside the 250GB ones so I am limited to those.

The preferred SW RAID setup is to have everything in RAID 10, except for the /boot partition which has to be on RAID-1 or no RAID I believe, plus one drive as hot spare (that would be the 9th drive). I am quite sure they will not do the setup for me but will give me access to KVM over IP and a Linux image preinstalled on the first HDD so that I'll have a functional system that needs to be upgraded to RAID-10.

How do I do that? The big problem I see is that LILO or GRUB can't boot from a software RAID-5/10 so I will have to mount the /boot partition elsewhere. It's probably terribly simple...if you have done it before which I have not. I have read some articles on how to setup a RAID-5/10 with mdadm (e.g. [url] ) but they usually do not talk about how to setup the boot partition. Should it be setup as a small sized (100-200MB) RAID-1 partition spread over all of the drives in the otherwise RAID-10 array?

What about swap? Should I create a 4-8GB (I plan to upgrade the server RAM to 4GB in near future) RAID-1 swap partition on each of the disks or swap to a file on the main RAID-10 partitions. The second sounds simpler but what about performance? Is swapping to a file on RAID-10 array a bad idea, performance wise?

Is it possible to grow a RAID-10 array in a way similar to growing a RAID-5 array with mdadm (using two extra drives instead of one of course)? mdadm doesn't actually even mention RAID-10 despite it does support it without having to create RAID-0 on top of RAID-1 pairs if the support is in kernel, from what I know.

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Feb 25, 2009

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May 20, 2009

I have a new server and it is rather slow during raid 1 recovery after system installed

CPU: Intel Core2Duo E5200 Dual Core, 2.5Ghz, 2MB Cache, 800Mhz FSB
Memory: 4GB DDR RAM
Hard Disk 1: 500GB SATA-2 16MB Cache
Hard Disk 2: 500GB SATA-2 16MB Cache

root@server [~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0]
256896 blocks [2/2] [UU]

md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0]
2096384 blocks [2/2] [UU]

md2 : active raid1 sdb4[2] sda4[0]
480608448 blocks [2/1] [U_]
[=======>.............] recovery = 36.7% (176477376/480608448) finish=1437.6min speed=3445K/sec

the sync speed is just 3.4Mb/second and the total hours needs to be more than 40 hours

Also the server load is very high (nobody uses it)

root@server [~]# top
top - 07:00:14 up 16:55, 1 user, load average: 1.88, 1.41, 1.34
Tasks: 120 total, 1 running, 119 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 4148632k total, 747768k used, 3400864k free, 17508k buffers
Swap: 5421928k total, 0k used, 5421928k free, 569252k cached

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May 22, 2008

I want to take some data from a raid-disk (taken from a raid-1 sstem). Put it into a new system already, but this system doesn't have any raid.

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Mar 24, 2009

MY server configure our drives with RAID-1.

How can I check it my server configure with 3ware or software raid ?

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May 23, 2007

Just curious what your thoughts are on performance:

2 SCSI Drives 10k w/RAID 1

or

4 SATA 10k w/RAID 10

Prices are not too different with 4 drives just being a tad more.

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Jun 5, 2007

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How should I look at be setting up software raid if I was going to? Would you recommend just to use hardware raid instead?

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Dec 10, 2007

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4x 73GB 15,000rpm SAS drives in a RAID 10

or

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Sep 8, 2009

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I have literally spent hours on Newegg, Amazon and Ebay and found nothing that really jumps out at me. When people were helping with the build before, Adaptec was recommended, but the card is now deactivated on newegg so I am looking again.

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May 27, 2007

put together a high availability cluster for a PHP + MySQL based app to run on a LAN. We're going to use Linux, and cost is a major consern. The app itself doesn't use / need too much resources, as it will only be accessed by 2 / 3 people at a time, so I'm using the following:

2 identical PC's with:
3Ghz PIV CPU
1GB RAM
2x SATAII 160GB HDD space setup as RAID 1
10/100 Mbps LAN NIC's, on a 100MB 8 port switch

Up to now I have been running MySQL-Max 5.0.15 to run a MySQL master-master replication server, which works fine, but the setup involved a lot of manual work, and downloading of the right binaries.

Furthermore I used Linux Heartbeat todo auto switchover between the two servers & RSYNC to sync the application files between the two. This has been working fine untill one of the server's HDD's failed recently corrupting both HDD's

So, I need a better way of doing this, and want to meet the following requirements:
If 1 HDD fails on either server, the server still needs to be able to run without a problem.
Replacing a HDD & rebuilding the RAID array should be easy to manage, preferabbly over the net.

Setting up a cluster should be easy to manage, both for the MySQL DB server & the files that need to be synced between the two machines Re-installing the server should be easy todo as well.

For No.1 I have been thinking of setting up RAID 5 with 4x HDD's - how reliable / safe / redundant is this?

For No. 4 I have been thinking of using something like sysimager to backup the server once setup, but will / can it recreate the RAID array upon restoration? The MySQL DB & PHP files are being backed up to a removable HDD on a daily basis.

The client is 700Km's away, so we can't just drop-in to fix things as often as we like. Thus redundancy is of utter importance. Currently I'm running Suse 9.3, simply due to the fact that it's easy enough to tell the client over the phone howto do things with YaST. Suse 10.1 will be used for the new setup, but I could also use Fedora Core 5, and have also been thinking of using SME server 7.0.

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Dell PowerEdge R410
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3ware raid controller

But for shared hosting, is it worthy to have a RAID-10, or would a RAID-1 be enough?

We have some Xeon E3xxx servers running with RAID-1 hosting more than 1000 accounts, we hadn`t had any IO/load problem so far.

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Jan 17, 2008

I currently have one dedicated server and four VPSs all using Plesk and all having their own name servers controlled by Plesk. What I'd like to do is consolidate everything so all my sites use one set of name servers.

I'm a PHP developer (and will be developing my own front end), and only have limited knowledge of administrating a server, so first of all if anyone has done this before and made mistakes in the process, please could you share them with me so I can avoid making them?

Secondly, I would like to use a MySQL database for storing the DNS info - I've found a tutorial at [url]which I'd like to use - could someone who knows what they're talking about have a skim through this and reassure me that everything there is correct and up to date (the article was written in early 2006 - just checking nothing in the world of DNS has changed since)?

I'm using Fedora.

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Xen On Running Server

Nov 13, 2008

I've a production server running web,smtp, ftp, cpanel...

Now I need to run different solutions on the same server (like PABX, games), of course I can't put all on the same place (to better control security, resource usage etc..)
Is it possible to install xen without affecting my production environment? It would be a good choice doing that?

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Running Web Server

Aug 13, 2008

I want to start up my web server again. I have Windows XP hosting my web server right now. and, it's slow.
Should i stick with Windows, run IIS and use httpZip from Port80?
I really like microsoft, and don't want to change and adapt to something else.
give me advice

Or, should I run Linux
I would run Linux on it, but I don't know how.
And they have different version of Linux. Example Redhat, Ubuntu etc.
Which one should I go for?

Also, what do I do if I have a netgear ethernet card? Is that Linux? Is it compaitable with Redhat?

And last question, what do I use for security?
I'm a hacker, yeah.. I know what all people can do to websites. How do I stop them?
DoSing, Cross Scripting, XML Attacks, MySql Injection.. Etc.

If a linux fan can respond, that would be nice.

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Running Your Own Server

Jul 18, 2008

why not just setup my own server. I have the connection and hardware necessary. So I am wondering why do people pay for web hosting? Why not just run your own website from your own server?

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