RAID 5 Array Creating Load
Mar 17, 2008
how I can improve the performance or what I can check to make sure things are working properly.
top - 15:15:47 up 3 days, 2:15, 1 user, load average: 13.09, 11.78, 11.03
Tasks: 355 total, 1 running, 354 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu0 : 0.7%us, 0.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu1 : 0.3%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu2 : 0.3%us, 3.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 38.0%id, 55.4%wa, 0.3%hi, 2.3%si, 0.0%st
Cpu3 : 1.0%us, 7.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 65.7%wa, 1.3%hi, 24.4%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 3995740k total, 3981996k used, 13744k free, 3644k buffers
[root@localhost ~]# iostat -x
Linux 2.6.18-53.1.14.el5 (localhost.localdomain) 03/17/2008
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
2.04 0.01 11.82 24.33 0.00 61.80
Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
sda 0.19 36.91 0.46 21.40 14.60 466.51 22.00 0.04 1.70 0.60 1.32
sdb 0.15 0.00 369.40 0.93 47123.91 160.88 127.69 5.96 16.10 2.66 98.66
Swap: 4192956k total, 112k used, 4192844k free, 3651120k cached
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Mar 15, 2007
I have a server with a Dell Perc4e Hardware RAID Controller and 2 Maxtor Atlas 15K2 U320 SCSI. I´m currently having a problem with one of the HD´s. For the second time in about 2 - 3 months, it failed. I reconsctruct the array and everything goes online and healthy. Does this mean this specific HD may not be in the best condition? Shouldn´t it fail and never go back online again, in this case? Is there any chance that the problem is the SCSI cable (i´m not using hot swap cradle, but cable + adapter)?
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Mar 24, 2007
What kind of raid array can I use while it's being rebuilt?
For instance if a HDD fails, on my servers I need to take the server down in order to rebuild the array. I'd like to be able to rebuild the array without the users to notice it.
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Apr 27, 2008
I have probably what is the most simple thing I'm going to have to do soon, but I have never done it so I'm looking for tips of how to do it because I dont want to screw it up.
I want to copy a CentOS install from one RAID array, to another. However, I have a drive image (27GB RAID array) of the old RAID array, but the new RAID array will be larger.
How can I copy the old CentOS install, to a new array?
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Sep 14, 2009
I have a couple of Dell 1950s and in one of them, I have 2x Seagate 15K.5s that I purchased through Dell and I also have a spare sitting in my rack in case one goes bad, also from Dell.
I was going to be repurposing one of my other 1950s and was going to get two more 15K.5s for it, but wasn't planning on getting them through Dell (rip off?). This way, could still keep the same spare drive around in case a drive went bad in that system as well.
When I was talking to my Dell rep recently when purchasing another system, their hardware tech said you can't use non-Dell drives with Dell drives in the same RAID array because of the different firmware between them.
Anyone know if it is true? Anyone have any experience with using drives from Dell in conjunction with the same model drives from a third party retailer?
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Mar 7, 2007
Quote:
Today we are going to conduct a detailed study of RAIDability of contemporary 400GB hard drives on a new level. We will take two "professional" drives from Seagate and Western Digital and four ordinary "desktop" drives for our investigation. The detailed performance analysis and some useful hints on building RAID arrays are in our new detailed article.
[url]
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Jan 27, 2007
Yesterday I went to run an upgrade on MySQL from 3.23 to 4.1.
The upgrade went fine, but after that was completed, I could no longer access Plesk.
After a lot of hassle I finally went to reinstall Plesk, well during that somewhere down the line everything crumbled horribly.
I can no longer access any of my sites on 80, httpd fails to start.
When I type
Quote:
/etc/init.d/httpd start
I get
Code:
[rtusrgd@nuinspiration rtusrgd]$ sudo su
[root@nuinspiration rtusrgd]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Starting httpd: (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:80
no listening sockets available, shutting down
Unable to open logs
[FAILED]
[root@nuinspiration rtusrgd]#
And when I try to run
Quote:
/etc/init.d/pssa start
I get
Code:
[root@nuinspiration /]# /etc/init.d/psa restart
PSA is down, performing full restart.
Starting psa-spamassassin service: [ OK ]
websrvmng: Service /etc/init.d/httpd failed to start
websrvmng: Service /etc/init.d/httpd failed to start
/usr/local/psa/admin/bin/httpsdctl start: httpd started
Starting Plesk: [ OK ]
Starting up drwebd: Dr.Web (R) daemon for Linux/Plesk Edition v4.33 (4.33.0.09211)
Copyright (c) Igor Daniloff, 1992-2005
Doctor Web, Ltd., Moscow, Russia
Support service: [url]
To purchase: [url]
Daemon version: 4.33.0 <API:2.1>
Engine version: 4.33 <API:2.1>
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwtoday.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1105
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43371.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2370
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43370.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2022
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43369.vdb - Ok, virus records: 687
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43368.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1099
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43367.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1834
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43366.vdb - Ok, virus records: 4015
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43365.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1342
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43364.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1335
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43363.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1152
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43362.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1006
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43361.vdb - Ok, virus records: 878
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43360.vdb - Ok, virus records: 988
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43359.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1205
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43358.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1139
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43357.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1302
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43356.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1332
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43355.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2456
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43354.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1283
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43353.vdb - Ok, virus records: 795
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43352.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2016
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43351.vdb - Ok, virus records: 941
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43350.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1020
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43349.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1008
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43348.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1096
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43347.vdb - Ok, virus records: 707
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43346.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1428
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43345.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1358
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43344.vdb - Ok, virus records: 694
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43343.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1186
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43342.vdb - Ok, virus records: 744
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43341.vdb - Ok, virus records: 841
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43340.vdb - Ok, virus records: 822
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43339.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1071
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43338.vdb - Ok, virus records: 989
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43337.vdb - Ok, virus records: 855
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43336.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1297
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43335.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1195
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43334.vdb - Ok, virus records: 900
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43333.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1381
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43332.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1340
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43331.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2735
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43330.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2078
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43329.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2490
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43328.vdb - Ok, virus records: 743
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43327.vdb - Ok, virus records: 958
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43326.vdb - Ok, virus records: 793
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43325.vdb - Ok, virus records: 713
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43324.vdb - Ok, virus records: 655
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43323.vdb - Ok, virus records: 655
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43322.vdb - Ok, virus records: 778
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43321.vdb - Ok, virus records: 846
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43320.vdb - Ok, virus records: 808
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43319.vdb - Ok, virus records: 764
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43318.vdb - Ok, virus records: 838
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43317.vdb - Ok, virus records: 363
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43316.vdb - Ok, virus records: 730
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43315.vdb - Ok, virus records: 627
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43314.vdb - Ok, virus records: 824
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43313.vdb - Ok, virus records: 842
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43312.vdb - Ok, virus records: 830
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43311.vdb - Ok, virus records: 862
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43310.vdb - Ok, virus records: 853
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43309.vdb - Ok, virus records: 733
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43308.vdb - Ok, virus records: 708
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43307.vdb - Ok, virus records: 839
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43306.vdb - Ok, virus records: 930
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43305.vdb - Ok, virus records: 759
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43304.vdb - Ok, virus records: 721
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43303.vdb - Ok, virus records: 638
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43302.vdb - Ok, virus records: 806
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43301.vdb - Ok, virus records: 504
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43300.vdb - Ok, virus records: 24
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwebase.vdb - Ok, virus records: 78674
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwrtoday.vdb - Ok, virus records: 405
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwr43301.vdb - Ok, virus records: 697
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwrisky.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1271
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwntoday.vdb - Ok, virus records: 582
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43306.vdb - Ok, virus records: 781
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43305.vdb - Ok, virus records: 752
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43304.vdb - Ok, virus records: 793
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43303.vdb - Ok, virus records: 766
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43302.vdb - Ok, virus records: 850
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43301.vdb - Ok, virus records: 772
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwnasty.vdb - Ok, virus records: 4867
Total virus records: 171891
Key file: /opt/drweb/drweb32.key - Key file not found!
A path to a valid license key file does not specified.
Plesk authorization failed: HTTP request error [7]
Error: Plesk Software not running.
[FAILED]
[root@nuinspiration /]#
I can still access my sites via ftp, just not via web browsing.
GoDaddy is my server host and after speaking to them, the only advice they were able to give me, was that the only solution they see is to format the drive and start from fresh. The only issue is I have about 93 sites on the server itself and not all have hard backups.
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View Related
Jan 27, 2007
I went to run an upgrade on MySQL from 3.23 to 4.1.
The upgrade went fine, but after that was completed, I could no longer access Plesk.
After a lot of hassle I finally went to reinstall Plesk, well during that somewhere down the line everything crumbled horribly.
I can no longer access any of my sites on 80, httpd fails to start.
When I type
Quote:
/etc/init.d/httpd start
I get
Code:
[rtusrgd@nuinspiration rtusrgd]$ sudo su
[root@nuinspiration rtusrgd]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Starting httpd: (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:80
no listening sockets available, shutting down
Unable to open logs
[FAILED]
[root@nuinspiration rtusrgd]#
And when I try to run
Quote:
/etc/init.d/pssa start
I get
Code:
[root@nuinspiration /]# /etc/init.d/psa restart
PSA is down, performing full restart.
Starting psa-spamassassin service: [ OK ]
websrvmng: Service /etc/init.d/httpd failed to start
websrvmng: Service /etc/init.d/httpd failed to start
/usr/local/psa/admin/bin/httpsdctl start: httpd started
Starting Plesk: [ OK ]
Starting up drwebd: Dr.Web (R) daemon for Linux/Plesk Edition v4.33 (4.33.0.09211)
Copyright (c) Igor Daniloff, 1992-2005
Doctor Web, Ltd., Moscow, Russia
Support service: http://support.drweb.com
To purchase: http://buy.drweb.com
Daemon version: 4.33.0 <API:2.1>
Engine version: 4.33 <API:2.1>
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwtoday.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1105
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43371.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2370
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43370.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2022
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43369.vdb - Ok, virus records: 687
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43368.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1099
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43367.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1834
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43366.vdb - Ok, virus records: 4015
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43365.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1342
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43364.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1335
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43363.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1152
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43362.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1006
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43361.vdb - Ok, virus records: 878
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43360.vdb - Ok, virus records: 988
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43359.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1205
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43358.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1139
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43357.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1302
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43356.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1332
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43355.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2456
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43354.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1283
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43353.vdb - Ok, virus records: 795
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43352.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2016
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43351.vdb - Ok, virus records: 941
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43350.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1020
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43349.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1008
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43348.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1096
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43347.vdb - Ok, virus records: 707
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43346.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1428
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43345.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1358
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43344.vdb - Ok, virus records: 694
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43343.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1186
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43342.vdb - Ok, virus records: 744
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43341.vdb - Ok, virus records: 841
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43340.vdb - Ok, virus records: 822
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43339.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1071
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43338.vdb - Ok, virus records: 989
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43337.vdb - Ok, virus records: 855
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43336.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1297
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43335.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1195
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43334.vdb - Ok, virus records: 900
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43333.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1381
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43332.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1340
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43331.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2735
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43330.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2078
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43329.vdb - Ok, virus records: 2490
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43328.vdb - Ok, virus records: 743
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43327.vdb - Ok, virus records: 958
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43326.vdb - Ok, virus records: 793
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43325.vdb - Ok, virus records: 713
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43324.vdb - Ok, virus records: 655
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43323.vdb - Ok, virus records: 655
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43322.vdb - Ok, virus records: 778
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43321.vdb - Ok, virus records: 846
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43320.vdb - Ok, virus records: 808
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43319.vdb - Ok, virus records: 764
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43318.vdb - Ok, virus records: 838
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43317.vdb - Ok, virus records: 363
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43316.vdb - Ok, virus records: 730
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43315.vdb - Ok, virus records: 627
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43314.vdb - Ok, virus records: 824
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43313.vdb - Ok, virus records: 842
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43312.vdb - Ok, virus records: 830
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43311.vdb - Ok, virus records: 862
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43310.vdb - Ok, virus records: 853
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43309.vdb - Ok, virus records: 733
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43308.vdb - Ok, virus records: 708
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43307.vdb - Ok, virus records: 839
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43306.vdb - Ok, virus records: 930
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43305.vdb - Ok, virus records: 759
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43304.vdb - Ok, virus records: 721
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43303.vdb - Ok, virus records: 638
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43302.vdb - Ok, virus records: 806
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43301.vdb - Ok, virus records: 504
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drw43300.vdb - Ok, virus records: 24
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwebase.vdb - Ok, virus records: 78674
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwrtoday.vdb - Ok, virus records: 405
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwr43301.vdb - Ok, virus records: 697
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwrisky.vdb - Ok, virus records: 1271
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwntoday.vdb - Ok, virus records: 582
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43306.vdb - Ok, virus records: 781
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43305.vdb - Ok, virus records: 752
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43304.vdb - Ok, virus records: 793
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43303.vdb - Ok, virus records: 766
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43302.vdb - Ok, virus records: 850
Loading /var/drweb/bases/dwn43301.vdb - Ok, virus records: 772
Loading /var/drweb/bases/drwnasty.vdb - Ok, virus records: 4867
Total virus records: 171891
Key file: /opt/drweb/drweb32.key - Key file not found!
A path to a valid license key file does not specified.
Plesk authorization failed: HTTP request error [7]
Error: Plesk Software not running.
[FAILED]
[root@nuinspiration /]#
I can still access my sites via ftp, just not via web browsing.
GoDaddy is my server host and after speaking to them, the only advice they were able to give me, was that the only solution they see is to format the drive and start from fresh. The only issue is I have about 93 sites on the server itself and not all have hard backups.
View 14 Replies
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Jul 6, 2007
Can anyone recommend a good case/enclosure for a sata raid array? I would like to build an array using 500 GB SATA Harddrives. Will the server need much processing power and ram if I am going to use a decent hardware raid card? What card would you recommend? Are there any premade sata arrays that allow you to just pop in your own harddrives and don't cost thousands of dollars?
Also, can anyone recommend a enclosure if you had a server that had build in raid with 8 sata ports, but only two harddrive bays and wanted to use the entire 8 ports?
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Jun 2, 2009
I am trying to figure out what file system to use for my server. It has 24 hard drives, 2 run the OS in RAID 1, and the other 22 are in RAID 10. When I was installing the OS (Ubuntu 8), I kept on getting problems when I tried to partition and format the second drive (the one with the 22 disks in RAID 10) and it keeps failing on me. I then changed the file system type from ext3 to XFS and it worked fine. I also gave it another try and did not partition/format the second drive and decided to do it manually once the OS was installed. When I did it it told me that the file system was too large for ext3. So my guess is that ext3 has a limit on the size of the file system it is being installed on.
Anyway, so I am wondering, is there any other file system that will get me the best performance, mainly I/O performance, that I can install? I would like to stick with Ubuntu OS. This server will mainly serve large files for download over HTTP.
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Sep 8, 2007
I've almost got my server ready to get shipped out to colo.
Its a HP Proliant ML570 G2, 4x2.0GHz Xeon, 4GB PC1600 DDR ECC RAM, and a Smart Array 6402 Ultra320 SCSI RAID controller card. The way I currently have the HDs configured is as follows:
Channel 1:
1x36.4GB 15k Ultra320
1x73.5GB 10k Ultra320
Channel 2:
1x36.4GB 15k Ultra320
1x73.5GB 10k Ultra320
I will add one-two more 73.5GB 10k Ultra320 drives for running in RAID 5 or 6.
The 2 36.4GB 15k Ultra320 drives are running in RAID 1. This is the array that I am performing these tests on, -not- the 73.5GB drives.
Anyway, I was a little curious about my performance.
The following tsets
I know hdparm is not really meant for running tests on SCSI disks, however here is the output:
Code:
# hdparm -tT /dev/cciss/c0d1
/dev/cciss/c0d1:
Timing cached reads: 1732 MB in 2.00 seconds = 865.91 MB/sec
HDIO_DRIVE_CMD(null) (wait for flush complete) failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Timing buffered disk reads: 320 MB in 3.01 seconds = 106.45 MB/sec
HDIO_DRIVE_CMD(null) (wait for flush complete) failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Here is the IOZone output:
Code:
File size set to 4096 KB
Command line used: /opt/iozone/bin/iozone -s 4096
Output is in Kbytes/sec
Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds.
Processor cache size set to 1024 Kbytes.
Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes.
File stride size set to 17 * record size.
random random bkwd record stride
KB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread
4096 4 188852 523178 658943 688853 610887 484275 572466 539010 580498 182914 471075 644937 671916
Then, just for the heck of it, I ran the tests on my little home Dell server with a ~80GB 7.2k RPM 1.5GB/s SATA drive:
Code:
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 1680 MB in 2.00 seconds = 839.29 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 136 MB in 3.02 seconds = 45.08 MB/sec
Code:
File size set to 4096 KB
Command line used: ./iozone -s 4096
Output is in Kbytes/sec
Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds.
Processor cache size set to 1024 Kbytes.
Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes.
File stride size set to 17 * record size.
random random bkwd record stride
KB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread
4096 4 152972 1135245 1358510 2132128 1163636 1103448 1184499 1829350 1588205 490774 1006882 1378196 2104830
Can you give me a little insight on my results?
NOTE: The batteries on my Smart Array 6402 controller are DEAD and need to be replaced, they will not charge. Since they are dead, the cache (which is 128MB) will not enable itself. If this cache were enabled, would I experience much different results from the tests?
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Mar 24, 2008
Is Motherboard RAID as good as a dedicated PCI-E card? I am guessing a dedicated card is the best option, though costs more.
We are looking at buying a barebones server from Supermicro. It features an onboard RAID controller which supports RAID 0, 1, 5 & 10 - but for some strange reason it will only support RAID 5 if you use Windows. Here is a link to the page detailing the RAID features.
[url]
We are going to be running Linux, CentOS 5.1, so we will only have the choice of RAID 0, 1 or 10. This isn't an issue, as having RAID 10 on 4x SAS (15k) drives will be fine for speed and stability. What is an issue is would this RAID controller be as fast or reliable compared to a dedicated PCI-E card? If it can only use RAID 5 in windows, does that suggest this controller is too reliant on software? It would be a nightmare to suffer downtime and data loss because the controller couldn't hack it during a drive failure, or one day it decided to bugger up the array when rebooting.
So that leads me to looking at this card, this looks very good for what we need. Are adaptec a reliable brand? I've seen it advertised for £200, which is a good price.
[url]
This card features RAID 5 and 6, would RAID 6 be better than RAID 10 for redundancy, or is it too slow to bother with? Also it seems to have a battery module available for it, what does this achieve? Cos surely if the power dies the hard drives and motherboard can't run off this little battery, or does it just help the controller stay alive long enough with some hard drive information in its memory if the power goes out during a rebuild?
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Jan 8, 2007
We damaged a file on a windows server 2003 system which caused us to get a grey screen where the login windows should be (it was setup as a domain controller)
We tried booting it in safe mode and all the other modes etc etc.... but to no avail... we couldn't get it to work.
So we wanted to replace the file manually using another pc (by inserting one of the harddrives into the pc, and copying the file to it).
We used a windows XP machine.... imported the harddrive using disk management..... we had to un mirror the drive to be able to access it.
Once the mirror was broken i gave it a drive letter, copied the the new file to it, and, removed the drive letter i assigned it, and tried booting with *just* that drive in the windows 2003 server.
Now it wont boot, it just reboots everytime i tries to start up, probably because we broke the mirror on a different machine.
It still boots from the other untouched drive... that was in the mirror, but we have no way to edit the files on there.
So is there any way to actually get this, once mirrored drive, to boot now its a single disc?
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Sep 17, 2009
I could try the Software-RAID 5 of the EQ9 Server of Hetzner.
Does anyone here has experiences, how fast a hardware raid 5 compared against the software-Raid 5 is?
The i7-975 should have enough power to compute the redundnacy on the fly, so there would be a minimal impact on performance. But I have no idea.
I want to run the server under ubuntu 8.04 LTS x64.
On it a vitualisation like VMware the IO-Load could get really high.
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Jan 14, 2008
So I've just got a server with 2xSATA raid 1 (OS, cpanel and everything in here) and 4xSCSI raid 10 (clean).
Which one do you guys think will give the best performance:
1. Move mysql only to 4xSCSI raid 10
2. Move mysql and home folder to 4xSCSI raid 10
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Jul 8, 2007
I am in a somewhat complicated situation... I wanted to order a custom server with hardware 3Ware RAID controller but after over a month of waiting I was told the HW RAID controller, as well as any other 3Ware controller they tried, does not work with the motherboard used in the server from Fujitsu-Siemens and that they simply got a reply from FS that the controller is not certified to work with their motherboard.
So although I'd prefer a HW raid, I am forced to either choose a different webhost or setup a software RAID. The problem is, I haven't done that before and am somewhat moderately...scared
I have read a lot of the info about SW RAID on Linux that I could find through Google but there are some questions unanswered still. So I thought that perhaps some of the more knowledgeable WHT members could help me with this problem...
The server specs will be:
Core2Duo E6600 (2.4Ghz), 2GB RAM, 6-8x* 250GB SATA II HDDs, CentOS 4.4 or SuSe, DirectAdmin
* I prefer 8 HDDs (or actually 9) over 6 but I am not sure if their server chassis can hold that many HDDs, I am awaiting answer from them. They don't have any other drives beside the 250GB ones so I am limited to those.
The preferred SW RAID setup is to have everything in RAID 10, except for the /boot partition which has to be on RAID-1 or no RAID I believe, plus one drive as hot spare (that would be the 9th drive). I am quite sure they will not do the setup for me but will give me access to KVM over IP and a Linux image preinstalled on the first HDD so that I'll have a functional system that needs to be upgraded to RAID-10.
How do I do that? The big problem I see is that LILO or GRUB can't boot from a software RAID-5/10 so I will have to mount the /boot partition elsewhere. It's probably terribly simple...if you have done it before which I have not. I have read some articles on how to setup a RAID-5/10 with mdadm (e.g. [url] ) but they usually do not talk about how to setup the boot partition. Should it be setup as a small sized (100-200MB) RAID-1 partition spread over all of the drives in the otherwise RAID-10 array?
What about swap? Should I create a 4-8GB (I plan to upgrade the server RAM to 4GB in near future) RAID-1 swap partition on each of the disks or swap to a file on the main RAID-10 partitions. The second sounds simpler but what about performance? Is swapping to a file on RAID-10 array a bad idea, performance wise?
Is it possible to grow a RAID-10 array in a way similar to growing a RAID-5 array with mdadm (using two extra drives instead of one of course)? mdadm doesn't actually even mention RAID-10 despite it does support it without having to create RAID-0 on top of RAID-1 pairs if the support is in kernel, from what I know.
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Feb 25, 2009
How often do RAID arrays break? Is it worth having RAID if a servers hard drive goes down? I was thinking it may just be a better option to just have a backup drive mounted to my system and in the even of a system failure just pop in a new hard drive, reload the OS, and then reload all my backups?
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May 20, 2009
I have a new server and it is rather slow during raid 1 recovery after system installed
CPU: Intel Core2Duo E5200 Dual Core, 2.5Ghz, 2MB Cache, 800Mhz FSB
Memory: 4GB DDR RAM
Hard Disk 1: 500GB SATA-2 16MB Cache
Hard Disk 2: 500GB SATA-2 16MB Cache
root@server [~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0]
256896 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0]
2096384 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md2 : active raid1 sdb4[2] sda4[0]
480608448 blocks [2/1] [U_]
[=======>.............] recovery = 36.7% (176477376/480608448) finish=1437.6min speed=3445K/sec
the sync speed is just 3.4Mb/second and the total hours needs to be more than 40 hours
Also the server load is very high (nobody uses it)
root@server [~]# top
top - 07:00:14 up 16:55, 1 user, load average: 1.88, 1.41, 1.34
Tasks: 120 total, 1 running, 119 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 4148632k total, 747768k used, 3400864k free, 17508k buffers
Swap: 5421928k total, 0k used, 5421928k free, 569252k cached
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Oct 22, 2009
I am in the process of restructuring the infrastructure on our servers. I am thinking of using either RAID 5 (1 hot spare) vs RAID 10 as my 1U server has 4 HDD tray.
RAID 5 would have better capacity but RAID 10 has better overall performance. Which one do you guys go for a shared hosting server?
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Dec 23, 2008
Is it possible to turn a non raided setup into Linux software raid, while it is live, and if it's the OS drive? Can you even software raid the OS drive remotely? I've been thinking about doing it for the redundancy (and possible slight performance boost for reads, but doing it more for redundancy). I'm using CentOS.
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May 22, 2008
I want to take some data from a raid-disk (taken from a raid-1 sstem). Put it into a new system already, but this system doesn't have any raid.
When viewing "fdisk -l", it said /dev/sdb doesn't contain valid partition. Is there anyway I can mount it now? I am on CentOS 4 box
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Mar 24, 2009
MY server configure our drives with RAID-1.
How can I check it my server configure with 3ware or software raid ?
Also please advise me how can I monitor raid configuration that my raid is working fine or no ?
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Jul 11, 2008
I've been talking to the Planet about trading in my four and a half year old "SuperCeleron" (from the old ServerMatrix days) Celeron 2.4 GHz system for something new. As part of their current promotions, I've configured a system that looks decent:
Xeon 3040, 1 gig of RAM, 2x250GB hard disks, RHEL 5, cPanel+Fantastico, and 10 ips for $162.
Not too bad. I could bump up the ram to 2 gb for, I think, $12 more, which I'm thinking about and wouldn't mind some thoughts on. But, the thing that has me really confused is RAID. I like the idea of doing a RAID 1 setup with those two hard disks. But, the Planet wants $40/month for a RAID controller to do it. I really don't want to go over $200 a month!
Any thoughts on alternative redundancy strategies that might avoid that cost? Software RAID does not seem to be offered by the Planet, unless I can figure out how to do it after installation (is that possible?) Better ideas in general on the server?
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May 23, 2007
Just curious what your thoughts are on performance:
2 SCSI Drives 10k w/RAID 1
or
4 SATA 10k w/RAID 10
Prices are not too different with 4 drives just being a tad more.
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Jun 5, 2007
how well software raid can perform and how it compares to hardware raid. How does software raid actually work and is it worth it?
How should I look at be setting up software raid if I was going to? Would you recommend just to use hardware raid instead?
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Dec 10, 2007
Which do you guys recommend of the following?
4x 73GB 15,000rpm SAS drives in a RAID 10
or
4x 73GB 15,000rpm SAS drives in a RAID 5 w/ online backup
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Dec 15, 2008
When i try to install BotNET 1.0 on my dedicated, i got this error :
root@leet [~/botnet/BotNET-1.0]# . install.sh
Compiling source code . . .
In file included from src/main.c:9:
src/../include/bot.h:43: error: array type has incomplete element type
src/../include/bot.h:57: error: array type has incomplete element type
src/../include/bot.h:89: error: array type has incomplete element type
src/main.c: In function:
src/main.c:146: error: type of formal parameter 1 is incomplete
Here is my install.sh file:
Code:
#!/bin/bash
# BotNET installation script.
# If this script causes problems, try "make all" instead.
# Usage: . install.sh
cc="/usr/bin/gcc"
echo "Compiling source code . . ."
bot=`$cc src/main.c src/launch.c src/memo.c src/seen.c src/parse.c src/help.c src/log.c src/info.c -o bin/bot -pthread || (echo 1)`
botnet=`$cc src/botserv.c -o bin/botserv || (echo 1)`
if [ "$bot" != "1" ]; then
echo "Installation complete."
echo "Executables will be found in bin/"
else
echo "Errors encountered during compilation!"
fi
My OS is centOs 5.x
Kernel : Linux 2.6.18-53.el5 #1 SMP Mon Nov 12 02:22:48 EST 2007 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
* I have tried all other way to install (make all) and other *
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Nov 3, 2009
Are there any significant difference between 4 15K SAS HD in RAID 10 versus 8 7.2K SATAII HD in RAID 10? I have the same question for 2 15K SAS HD in RAID 1 versus 4 7.2K SATAII HD in RAID 10.
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Apr 19, 2009
I'm currently using 4 x 15K SAS raid 10 for a mysql server for a pretty busy forum, it has no I/O problem.
Now i'm going to migrate to a new server that i'm building soon, I have choice of:
2 x Intel X25-E SSD RAID 1
or
4 x 15K Fujitsu SAS RAID 10
will be using Adaptec 2405 RAID card.
The OS will be installed on a seperate hard drive.
If I go with the SAS setup, will be about $200 cheaper.
Which one do you think is better for Mysql performance?
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May 10, 2009
I have room for 4 more hard drives on my home server. My original goal was to go raid 10 but I've been thinking, raid 5 can support 4 drives and give more capacity. Which one would have better performance as software (md) raid? I'm thinking raid 10 might actually have bad performance as software raid, vs hardware, compared to raid 5. Would raid 5 with 4 drives be better for my case?
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Mar 16, 2008
We are looking to build our first server, and collocate it. It will be a higher investment than just renting the server, but will be worth it in the long term, and we have already decided we are going to support the hosting business for a minimum of 3 years - so we might as well invest in a server from the outset to benefit from lower data center charges and higher redundancy and performance.
We are currently looking at Supermicro for servers as they offer 1U barebones systems with dual hotswappable psus and upto 4 hotswappable drives. This would be ideal for redundancy, and also for taking advantage of the speed and redundancy that a RAID 10 array would give you. These two factors combined are very appealing as it would reduce the possibilities of downtime and data loss. Obviously we will be backing up daily, but its good for piece of mind to know that you could potentially blow a PSU and 2 hard drives, and your server will still be up long enough for a data centre technician to replace the parts.
Now then, my business partner and I are currently deciding what the best all round hard drive configuration would be. He has decided that we should opt for SAS instead of SATA to have lower latency seek times, which would give us better performance. I agree, though this does increase costs considerably.
He is then arguing that we use RAID 5 on cost grounds. He says we should only use 3 of the slots to begin with, save money on one drive by not having a spare, and hope we don't have a drive failure - which sods law will happen. I'm not happy us cutting corners to save money, because if we gamble and lose, that's a hell of a mess we have ourselves in, and will cost us a load more time, reputation and data center charges to get ourselves out of it.
I say we might as well go for RAID 10 for that extra performance, and redundancy, you can potentially lose 2 drives so long as they aren't from the same mirrored pair. With RAID 5 you can only lose a drive, it takes longer to rebuild onto a spare, and during rebuild the performance takes a hit. Also RAID 10 is much faster than RAID 5, and at the expense of the cost of a drive.
Now the question we should be asking is... would a SATA2 RAID 10 array provide better performance than a SAS RAID 5 array?
So I think the choice we have to make is either go for RAID 5 and run with a hot spare, and stock a cold spare, or go with RAID 10 and stock 2 cold spares.
We are considering going with Seagate drives because they are high performance and have 5 year warranties. I have had to RMA two Western Digital drives already in the past 12 months, a raptor and a mybook, both deaths invoked data loss.
The server is going to be a linux web, email, dns and mysql box. It will likely feature a single dual/quad core processor, and 4-8GB of unbuffered ddr2 ram.
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