DB Server Optimization On A Game Server Computer

May 27, 2008

I'm currently in the process of installing a mysql database server on my dedicated game server box. I was using shared hosting before, but i got a complaint from them that i was using too many connections and memory so i have to host the database myself.

Here's the stats of the server:

Dual Core Dual CPU Intel Xeon 3.0Ghz (2 core per cpu & 2 cpu's)
4GB RAM
120GB SATAII Hard Drive
Windows 2003 Enterprise Edition SP2 (180 Day Trial)

Currently, im hosting around 10 game servers on the machine with around 30% CPU load. I'm running with the page file disabled (its using 2 GB of RAM instead). Server runs fine like this (i heard its a performance boost, and it is). Over 2GB of ram are free at all times even when most of the game servers are full.

I want the database server to be able to as many connections are need from the game servers but at the same time i dont want to affect performance of the game servers. Any suggestions on what settings i should use?

I'm currently using these settings:

key_buffer = 512M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 1M
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
max_connections = 100
query_cache_size = 128MB
query_cache_limit = 4MB
tmp_table_size = 30MB
wait_timeout = 120

P.S. The SQL will have 3 databases (AMXBans, SourceBans, & a RP character db). Everytime a player connects to one of my servers, their information is checked against the database if they are an admin. So in total i have around 126 slots for players to connect on.

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Game Server Optimization?

Feb 18, 2008

I hope some of you folks could give me some pointers here. I have a server that is used for a gaming clan's purposes. Nothing major as far as games go, but what I got I want running at peak efficiency.

The most important is the Counter-Strike source. I really need the kernel frequency to be tweaked for this. The number one question is can I merely modify the existing config file and recompile that or do I need to start all over? If I could do that is it something like make old or something to that matter?

I am running a couple other servers as well, but there is never a time where all the servers have anyone in them. I keep everything running. After installing some weird stuffs here and there I got the memory usage to go down. I think. Regarding a scenario of having more than one instance of a game, is there any way to share memory between them?

My Swap. Is there a way to force idling games to move to it instead of using physical memory?

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I've been developing a small 2D MMORPG lately. I bought a VPS to run the server on a few days ago and sadly it doesn't work so well. Sometimes the loads go pretty high (afaik not caused by me) and MySQL freezes, causing the server to just wait for MySQL to unlock, hanging all the players around on the map. Not a good thing.

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During day there are approx 700-900 connections.

Previously i had phpsuexec and the load never went beyond 4-5, i have removed it to install eaccelerator.

Here are my configurations

httpd.conf

Code:
RLimitMEM 200990378
RLimitCPU 240
Timeout 45
KeepAlive On
MaxKeepAliveRequests 512
KeepAliveTimeout 2
MinSpareServers 25
MaxSpareServers 35
StartServers 15
MaxClients 512
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
my.cnf

Code:
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-locking
skip-innodb
skip-networking
skip-name-resolve
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_type = 1
max_connections = 200
max_user_connections = 100
interactive_timeout = 30
wait_timeout = 30
connect_timeout = 10
thread_cache_size = 80
key_buffer = 256M
join_buffer = 1M
max_allowed_packet = 8M
table_cache = 1500
record_buffer = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
max_connect_errors = 100
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 4
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 32M
#log-bin
server-id = 1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[isamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 1M
write_buffer = 1M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer =128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 1M
write_buffer = 1M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

top

Code:
top - 13:24:33 up 1 day, 23:24, 1 user, load average: 1.99, 2.26, 3.45
Tasks: 174 total, 1 running, 173 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 13.3% us, 12.1% sy, 0.0% ni, 13.6% id, 31.8% wa, 29.1% hi, 0.0% si
Mem: 1000952k total, 974492k used, 26460k free, 49024k buffers
Swap: 2031608k total, 171580k used, 1860028k free, 288344k cached

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
10804 mysql 15 0 354m 80m 2744 S 35 8.2 4:00.68 mysqld
12849 nobody 15 0 65816 33m 14m S 10 3.4 0:04.56 httpd
2956 named 18 0 66944 18m 1152 S 3 1.9 40:53.96 named
12800 nobody 15 0 57260 28m 17m S 3 2.9 0:06.95 httpd
336 root 15 0 0 0 0 D 3 0.0 112:24.57 kjournald
12854 nobody 15 0 55008 22m 14m S 2 2.3 0:03.68 httpd
12870 nobody 16 0 55108 23m 14m S 1 2.4 0:04.49 httpd
6373 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 1:13.66 loop0
32021 mailnull 17 0 42500 13m 2480 S 1 1.4 0:09.05 MailScanner
12720 nobody 16 0 56088 22m 12m S 1 2.3 0:04.67 httpd
12877 nobody 15 0 55068 23m 15m S 1 2.4 0:04.05 httpd
12725 nobody 15 0 54836 19m 11m S 1 2.0 0:04.01 httpd
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30091 root 15 0 2828 520 452 D 0 0.1 0:45.08 syslogd
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13555 nobody 15 0 54492 21m 13m S 0 2.2 0:02.39 httpd
15385 nobody 16 0 52564 8388 2052 S 0 0.8 0:00.08 httpd
1 root 16 0 2260 396 368 S 0 0.0 0:06.43 init

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The load averages are:
23.73 (1 mins) , 20.39 (5 mins) , 10.88 (15 mins)

and these are the processes that are making it slow:

Code:
ID Owner CPU Command
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Jan 24, 2007

I'm sure by now most of you have read the Web Server Optimization Guide by Shaw Networks. It came in handy for me when I was first starting out, I reduced my load & memory usage by tonnes. I thought I would make a new thread with an updated How-To.

Recommended Tools/Programs:
Putty - Free SSH Client - [url]
WinSCP - Free SFTP and SCP Client - [url]

MySQL Optimization:
BACKUP:
cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.backup

Use Pico (pico /etc/my.cnf) or Download via WinSCP for editing,
Delete everything that is currently in the file and add the following...

Code:
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-locking
skip-innodb
query_cache_limit=8M
query_cache_size=256M
query_cache_type=1
max_connections=500
max_user_connections=100
interactive_timeout=60
wait_timeout=60
connect_timeout=30
thread_cache_size=128
key_buffer=16M
join_buffer=1M
max_allowed_packet=16M
table_cache=1024
record_buffer=1M
sort_buffer_size=2M
read_buffer_size=2M
max_connect_errors=100
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency=2
myisam_sort_buffer_size=64M
#log-bin
server-id=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[isamchk]
key_buffer = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
To Save: CTRL-X
Restart Service: "service mysqld restart" or "service mysql restart" or "/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart"

HTTP/APACHE Optimization:

BACKUP:
cp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf.backup

Use Pico (pico /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf) or Download via WinSCP for editing,
Change the following settings in your httpd.conf...

Set "Timeout" value to "Timeout 60"
Set "KeepAlive" to "KeepAlive on"
Set "KeepAliveTimeout" to "KeepAliveTimeout 3"
Set "MinSpareServers" to "MinSpareServers 16"
Set "MaxSpareServers" to "MaxSpareServers 32"
Set "MaxRequestsPerChild" to "MaxRequestsPerChild 256"
Set "HostnameLookups" to "HostnameLookups Off"

Note:
These settings will not work under all server environments its recommended that you tweak around with the numbers until your web server is running 100% please read Apache documentation before changing any settings so you know what you are changing [url]

To Save: CTRL-X
Restart Service: "service httpd restart" or "/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart"

Installing eAccelerator:
eAccelerator is a further development from mmcache PHP Accelerator & Encoder. It increases performance of PHP scripts by caching them in compiled state, so that the overhead of compiling is almost completely eliminated. [url]

If you run CPanel please visit [url] for an auto-installer which will do all the hard work for you.

Run the following in SSH.

Code:
cd /

mkdir ea

cd ea

wget [url]

bunzip2 eaccelerator-0.9.5.tar.bz2
tar -xvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.tar

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5

export PHP_PREFIX="/usr"

$PHP_PREFIX/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=$PHP_PREFIX/bin/php-config

make

make install

mkdir /phpcache

chmod 0777 /phpcache
Edit your PHP.INI file and at the bottom add...

Code:
To install as a ZEND extension:

zend_extension="/ea/eaccelerator-0.9.5/modules/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/phpcache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

OR to install as a PHP extension:

extension="/ea/eaccelerator-0.9.5/modules/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/phpcache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
Restart Service: "service httpd restart" or "/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart"

For a great tutorial on Optimizing host.conf & sysctl.conf visit..
http://www.eth0.us/node/104

Common SSH Commands visit..
[url]

How to block an IP using iptables visit..
[url]

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Apr 21, 2008

So the site got featured on [url]and now the server is drowning...

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Here's the my.cnf right now after i played around with the numbers

server spec
Opteron 170 (2ghz)
2gb ram
250 7200rpm

[mysqld]
set-variable=local-infile=0
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).
old_passwords=1
#skip-networking
back_log = 75
key_buffer = 256M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
join_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
table_cache = 1800
thread_cache_size = 384
wait_timeout = 7200
max_connections = 600
connect_timeout = 100
wait_timeout = 12000
tmp_table_size = 100M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
max_allowed_packet = 15M
max_connect_errors = 9999999
read_rnd_buffer_size = 524288
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 40M
query_cache_size = 150M
query_cache_type = 1
query_prealloc_size = 65536
tmp_table_size = 64M
query_alloc_block_size = 131072
default-storage-engine = MyISAM

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/var/lib

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
nice = -5
open_files_limit = 8192

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 64M
sort_buffer = 64M
read_buffer = 16M
write_buffer = 16M
httpd.conf

Timeout 20

#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive Off

#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 15

##
## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)
##

# prefork MPM
# StartServers: number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
# ServerLimit: maximum value for MaxClients for the lifetime of the server
# MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers 8
MinSpareServers 5
MaxSpareServers 20
ServerLimit 200
MaxClients 200
MaxRequestsPerChild 1500
</IfModule>

# worker MPM
# StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
# MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
# MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule worker.c>
StartServers 2
MaxClients 150
MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 75
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>

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Load for today
High (2:18am): 4.63
Low (3:30am): 1.20
Mean: 1.84
Latest: 1.61

Mem usage for today
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Mean: 8,683.1 MB
Latest: 8,781.7 MB

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My server specs are:

# Processor: Quad-Core Xeon Processor * 8
# CPU Speed: 3Ghz
# RAM: 32 GB DDR2
# HDD: 36 GB 15k Raptor X2 + 1TB Sata
# OS: 32Bit CentOS

Changes / optimisation of the actual application is not possible.

My configuration files are:

My.cnf ....

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Apache Won't Start And MYSQL Optimization Server Experts

Jun 18, 2009

Can anyone recommend a Apached and MYSQL optimization expert? I just some optimization done on mysql and apache upgraded... but pache wouldn't restart with the following entries:

MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 35
ThreadsPerChild 25

if i remove above then it starts... but my CPU spikes and I am getting a ton of errors emailed to me:

Invalid SQL:
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT(userid)) AS count FROM vb_session WHERE vb_session.userid>0 AND vb_session.lastactivity>1245294346;

MySQL Error : Out of memory (Needed 8388580 bytes)
Error Number : 5
Request Date : Wednesday, June 17th 2009 @ 09:39:06 PM
Error Date : Wednesday, June 17th 2009 @ 09:39:06 PM

Its constantly complaining about this same query and i thought i removed all of the vbulletin options...

i am pulling my hair out... cuz my server isn't swapping, ther are 0ver 8GBs in cache.... but my CPU goes up


Here is original problem thread...

[url]

2nd post has recommended config... and my subsequent probs

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Server Optimization Help Request - VERY High Sudden Loads

Mar 3, 2007

We just upgraded to VBulletin 3.6.5, and are experiencing strange behavior. My forums are on a dedicated server, 27,000 users.

We'll be running along fine with loads of .5-2.00, etc. Then suddenly, the loads start climbing to 50, 70, 85+. We've been trying to figure out why. We even went on a different (much more robust) server, still the same result. This only started happening after the upgrade. Restarting the server corrects the problem, but only until it happens again. It can happen at anytime - during peak or off peak. The server may run for an hour or two until this happens, or it can happen 10 minutes after a restart.

Late last night when loads were normal we benched the server hard, and it ran just fine. We just can't figure out where this load spike is coming from.

Server info below:

Servers:
Mysql: server version: 5.0.27-log
PHP: PHP 5.1.6 (cli) Zend Engine v2.1.0,
Apache Server version: Apache/2.2.3
Kernel: 2.6.19-1.2911.fc6 #1 SMP

Server:
Pentium III with 1 gig of ram
15k RPM SCSI Raid 5
1 Gig RAM

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@forums forums]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 8
model name : Pentium III (Coppermine)
stepping : 6
cpu MHz : 861.001
cache size : 256 KB
fdiv_bug : no
hlt_bug : no
f00f_bug : no
coma_bug : no
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 2
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca
cmov pat pse36 mmx fxsr sse
bogomips : 1722.41

processor : 1
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 8
model name : Pentium III (Coppermine)
stepping : 6
cpu MHz : 861.001
cache size : 256 KB
fdiv_bug : no
hlt_bug : no
f00f_bug : no
coma_bug : no
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 2
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca
cmov pat pse36 mmx fxsr sse
bogomips : 1721.51

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
my.cnf:

[root@forums forums]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log_error = /var/log/mysql_error.log
log-slow-queries = /var/log/mysql_slow_queries.log
safe-show-database
old_passwords
back_log = 20
skip-innodb
key_buffer_size = 256M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
join_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
table_cache = 600
thread_cache_size = 384
wait_timeout = 35
connect_timeout = 10
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
max_connect_errors = 10
read_rnd_buffer_size = 524288
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 4M
query_cache_size = 48M
query_cache_type = 1
query_prealloc_size = 163840
query_alloc_block_size = 32768
default-storage-engine = MyISAM

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/var/lib

[mysqld_safe]
err-log=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
open_files_limit = 8192

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 64M
sort_buffer = 64M
read_buffer = 16M
write_buffer = 16M

-------------------------------------------------------

Relevant Apache:
StartServers 10
MinSpareServers 10
MaxSpareServers 15
ServerLimit 256
MaxClients 90
MaxRequestsPerChild 1000

---------------------------------------------------------

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Sep 6, 2008

Hello all, First time poster on the forum and i hope you can all answer my questions, thanks.

About 2 weeks ago I bought a team fortress 2 gameserver from a provider in the U.K and it has been great and it was a good price.

A few days ago i was speaking to a friend and he suggested that i should use a VPS because it is cheaper and i could run maybe 2 32 man slot servers on a VPS.

I was just wondering if anyone has tried this, is it a good idea?, what is the cheapest UK VPS provider? i think easyspace is the best i could find.

I am currently paying 15 pound a month for a 20 man team fortress 2 server and i can get a 32 man for 24, so anything below that is great.

Many thanks all, and look forward to seeing the replies.

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Aug 18, 2008

I just got a dedicated server yesterday for my website. I originally had it on a VPS, but sharing the server with numerous other people bogged down the harddrive.

Anyway, I got a dedicated with a Quad-Core 2.5Ghz processor(Q9300), 150gb Raptor, 8 Gb Ram (Yes, Eight), 100Mb connection, on Windows Server 2008 Standard. (Server is at limestonenetworks.com )

Well, it will be a few months before the website takes off to heights requiring this power. I just bought it now so I don't have to keep upgrading when hitting the ceiling.

Unfortunately, I'm paying $200 a month with not much action. However, windows 2008 comes with Hyper-V software, so I can run VPS's. I was thinking about selling like one super-powerful VPS (at least 4 gig ram dedicated) to someone who wants to start a game server. I'd ask just for like $50 bucks a month, which is pretty darn good for the server specs.

As this is not the offers forum, which I can't post in, I'm asking if these are good enough specs for someone to host a bomb game server on? Anyone know a forum where I could get some offers?

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Jun 2, 2007

I decided to setup a Counter Strike Source game server on my spare laptop which has the following specs:

850mhz Pentium III
384MB RAM
30GB HD

Surprisingly, it can manage 24 players (haven't had more people on yet) with very little noticeable lag and only with a 1.3MBit upload speed. :-) It took some fine tuning with the server rates but it's doing pretty well so far.

[url]

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I'm looking to put 4-6 CoD4 servers on a dedicated server.

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Nov 7, 2007

as you may know i am fairly new at setting up my own servers, well i was wondering if anyone out there could help me with setting up a dedicated game server to run halo or battlefield i have halo server installed on my windows xp box and followed the read me from start to finish, have port forwarded to the box but i just get the command line coming up saying dedicated server is running on map timberland <0 / 12 players>

im looking to host this game to the internet for people to play off my server not just for a lan server of the game.

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Apr 5, 2008

I'm a flight Sim Buffer, I use Microsoft flight simulator X Delux, I also have real flying hours under my belt too.

My Question is, what would I need to have FSX running 365 days of the year with upto 100 Connections at all times from it, plus teamSpeak?

Should I Rent a gaming server and allow my costs to increase, which taking into account I have three children, would be quite hard? Or is there a Gaming server service that I can use?

Any help would be great, also I picked this topic, and I'm quite new for posting, so do forgive me for posting in the wrong topic if thats the case.

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